{
 "id": "concept/asaba",
 "class": "concept",
 "slug": "asaba",
 "label": {
  "ar": "العَصَبَة",
  "en": "Agnatic kin (asaba) in inheritance, guardianship and custody",
  "ur": "عصبہ (عصبات)"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "العصبة في اللغة أبناء الرجل وأقاربه لأبيه، والذين يرثونه، وفي الاصطلاح من ليس له سهم مقدر من المجمع على توريثهم، فيرث المال إن لم يكن معه ذو فرض، أو ما فضل بعد الفروض {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11639} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11640}. ويقابلها أصحاب الفروض، وهم أهل النصيب المقدر في كتاب الله، وذوو الأرحام، وهم كل قريب ليس بذي سهم ولا عصبة {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11640}. وللعصبة في الإرث ثلاثة أقسام: عاصب بنفسه كالابن وابن الابن، وعاصب بغيره كالبنات مع الإخوة، وعاصب مع غيره كالأخوات مع البنات، وتأخذ ما أبقت الفرائض، وتحوز جميع المال إن انفردت {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11641}. ويتعلق بالعصبة تقديمها في غسل الميت والصلاة عليه، وولاية النكاح، وانتقال الحضانة إليها عند عدم من يستحقها من النساء على ترتيب الإرث، ولزوم دية الخطأ على عاقلة الجاني، واستثنى الشافعية الأصل والفرع {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11640} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11641}.",
  "en": "In the lexicon, asaba are a man's sons and his paternal relatives, who inherit from him. As a term they are the heirs who have no fixed share in the inheritance agreed upon, and who take what remains after the sharers take theirs, or the whole estate if there are no sharers {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11639} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11640}. They are set against the sharers (ashab al-furud), who have a fixed share in the Book of God, and against the distant kin (dhawu al-arham), who are relatives with neither a fixed share nor agnatic standing {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11640}. Agnates in inheritance are of three kinds: the agnate in his own right, such as a son; the agnate through another, such as daughters with their brothers; and the agnate with another, such as sisters with daughters. They take what the fixed shares leave, and the whole estate if alone {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11641}. Agnates also have priority in the washing and funeral prayer of the dead, the right to contract a marriage on behalf of a woman, custody of a child when no woman entitled to it is available, and the bearing of blood money for manslaughter, with the Shafi'is excluding the ascendant and descendant from that burden {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11640} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11641}."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "ideas"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "global"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "family-marriage-kinship",
  "development-of-law-theology-institutions"
 ],
 "data": {
  "kind": "legal",
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "الموسوعة الفقهية الكويتية، نسخة نور بوك، مدخل «عَصَبَة»، ص 11639-11641 من المسح",
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5",
   "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
   "run": "mawsua-w07-batch15"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1,
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5; headword عَصَبَة complete on scan pp.11639-11641 (lexical and technical senses, the three kinds of agnate heirs, priority in washing, guardianship, custody and blood money). The detailed inheritance rules are referred to the inheritance entry and not drafted here. Next headword عَصَبِيَّة is in the existing entry concept/asabiyya. Footnote citations omitted"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "العصبة في اللغة أبناء الرجل وأقاربه لأبيه، وهم الذين يرثونه، وفي الاصطلاح من ليس له سهم مقدر من المجمع على توريثهم {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11639} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11640}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "التمييز بينهم وبين أصحاب الفروض وذوي الأرحام",
     "markdown": "أصحاب الفروض أهل النصيب المقدر في كتاب الله، وذوو الأرحام كل قريب ليس بذي سهم ولا عصبة {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11640}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "أقسامهم في الإرث",
     "markdown": "العاصب بنفسه كالابن وابن الابن، والعاصب بغيره كالبنات مع الإخوة، والعاصب مع غيره كالأخوات مع البنات. يأخذ العصبة ما أبقت الفروض، ويحوز جميع المال إن انفرد {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11641}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "أحكام أخرى",
     "markdown": "تقدم العصبة في غسل الميت والصلاة عليه، وولاية النكاح، وانتقال الحضانة إليها عند عدم من يستحقها من النساء، وتحمّل دية الخطأ مع عاقلة الجاني، واستثنى الشافعية الأصل والفرع من ذلك {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11640} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11641}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "مواطن البحث",
     "markdown": "تفصيل أحكام الإرث في «إرث»، والحضانة في «حضانة»، والعاقلة في «عاقلة» {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11641}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/asaba",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "In the lexicon, asaba are a man's sons and his paternal relatives, who inherit from him. As a term they are heirs with no fixed share agreed upon, who take what remains after the sharers take theirs, or the whole estate if there are no sharers {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11639} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11640}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Against sharers and distant kin",
     "markdown": "The sharers (ashab al-furud) have a fixed share in the Book of God; the distant kin (dhawu al-arham) are relatives with neither a fixed share nor agnatic standing {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11640}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Kinds of agnate heir",
     "markdown": "The agnate in his own right, such as a son; the agnate through another, such as daughters with their brothers; and the agnate with another, such as sisters with daughters. They take what the fixed shares leave, and the whole estate if alone {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11641}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Other rules",
     "markdown": "Agnates take priority in washing and praying over the dead, in the guardianship of marriage, and in custody when no woman entitled to it is available; they share the blood money for manslaughter with the paternal group, the Shafi'is excluding the ascendant and descendant {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11640} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11641}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Where to look further",
     "markdown": "Inheritance is treated under «inheritance», custody under «hadana», and the paternal group under «aqila» {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11641}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/asaba",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "خلاصہ",
     "markdown": "لغت میں عصبہ آدمی کے بیٹے اور اس کے باپ کی طرف کے رشتہ دار ہیں جو اس کے وارث ہوتے ہیں۔ اصطلاح میں یہ وہ وارث ہیں جن کا کوئی مقرر حصہ نہیں، جو مقررہ حصوں کے بعد باقی مال لیتے ہیں، اور اگر مقررہ حصے دار نہ ہوں تو پورا مال {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11639} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11640}۔"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/asaba",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  }
 },
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-23",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [
  "concept/azl",
  "building/taj-mahal",
  "concept/abawan",
  "concept/add",
  "concept/adl",
  "concept/adl-bayn-al-zawjat",
  "concept/adl-nikah",
  "concept/adwa"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}