{
 "id": "concept/azm",
 "class": "concept",
 "slug": "azm",
 "label": {
  "ar": "العَزْم",
  "en": "Resolve and its legal effect (azm)",
  "ur": "عزم"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "العزم في اللغة عقد الضمير على الفعل، ويأتي بمعنى الصبر والمواظبة، وفي الاصطلاح ميل إلى الشيء وتصميم على فعله {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11595}. ويفرق بينه وبين الهمّ، فالهم أول العزم والعزم منتهى الهم {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11596}. واتفق الفقهاء على أن الإنسان لا يعاقب على ما توسوس به نفسه من المعاصي ما لم يعمله أو يتكلم به، وعلى أن من هم بسيئة فلم يفعلها فلا عقاب عليه، وأن العزم على الحسنة يكتب حسنة قبل العمل {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11596} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11597}. واختلفوا في العزم المصمم على المعصية هل يؤاخذ به، فذهب بعضهم إلى عدم المؤاخذة، وذهب كثير من العلماء إلى المؤاخذة به {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11597}. ويشترط في صحة التوبة العزم الجازم على ألا يعود إلى المعصية {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11598}. وتُذكر في الأصول مسائل العزم على أداء الواجب الموسع وعلى ترك المنهي عنه، وتفصيلها في الملحق الأصولي {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11597} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11598}.",
  "en": "In the lexicon, azm is the resolve of the heart to act, and it also means patience and perseverance. As a technical term it is an inclination to a thing with a settled intention to do it {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11595}. Hamm is the first stage of azm, and azm is the end point of hamm {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11596}. The jurists agree that a person is not punished for evil thoughts that he neither acts on nor speaks, and that one who resolves on an evil and does not do it incurs no penalty, while a resolve on a good act is recorded as a good deed before it is done {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11596} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11597}. They differ on whether a firm resolve to commit a sin is itself punished: some say not, many scholars say yes {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11597}. A firm resolve never to return to the sin is a condition of repentance {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11598}. Related questions on resolving to perform a wide-time obligation or to abstain from what is forbidden are treated in the legal theory appendix {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11597} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11598}."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "ideas"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "global"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "ethics-and-character",
  "worship-and-the-pillars"
 ],
 "data": {
  "kind": "ethical",
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "الموسوعة الفقهية الكويتية، نسخة نور بوك، مدخل «عَزْم»، ص 11595-11598 من المسح",
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5",
   "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
   "run": "mawsua-w07-batch10"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1,
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5; headword عَزْم complete on scan pp.11595-11598 (lexical senses, hamm and azm, reward and punishment for resolve, resolve in legal theory, repentance). Next headword عَزِيمة begins on scan p.11598. The prophetic report on thoughts is summarised, not quoted. Footnote citations omitted"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "العزم في اللغة عقد الضمير على فعل الشيء، ويأتي بمعنى الصبر والمواظبة. وفي الاصطلاح الميل إلى الشيء والتصميم على فعله {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11595}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الفرق بين الهم والعزم",
     "markdown": "الهم أول العزم، والعزم منتهى الهم {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11596}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الثواب والعقاب على العزم",
     "markdown": "لا يُعاقب الإنسان على ما توسوس به نفسه من المعاصي ما لم يعمله أو يتكلم به، ومن هم بسيئة فلم يفعلها فلا عقاب عليه، ويكتب له العزم على الحسنة حسنة قبل فعلها {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11596} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11597}. واختلفوا في العزم المصمم على المعصية، فذهب كثير من العلماء إلى المؤاخذة به {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11597}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "العزم في التوبة",
     "markdown": "من شروط صحة التوبة العزم الجازم على ألا يعود إلى المعصية {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11598}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "مواطن البحث",
     "markdown": "مسائل العزم على أداء الواجب الموسع وترك المنهي عنه في الملحق الأصولي {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11597} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11598}. وتُنظر النية في «نية» {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11596}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/azm",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "In the lexicon, azm is the resolve of the heart to do a thing; it also means patience and perseverance. As a technical term it is an inclination to a thing with a settled intention to do it {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11595}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Hamm and azm",
     "markdown": "Hamm is the first stage of azm, and azm is the end point of hamm {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11596}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Reward and punishment for resolve",
     "markdown": "A person is not punished for evil thoughts that he neither acts on nor speaks; one who resolves on an evil and does not do it incurs no penalty, while a resolve on a good act is recorded as a good deed {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11596} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11597}. Many scholars hold that a firm resolve to commit a sin is itself punished {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11597}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Resolve in repentance",
     "markdown": "A firm resolve never to return to the sin is a condition for valid repentance {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11598}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Where to look further",
     "markdown": "Questions of resolve for a wide-time obligation or abstaining from the forbidden are treated in the legal theory appendix {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11597} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11598}. Intention is treated under «niyya» {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11596}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/azm",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "خلاصہ",
     "markdown": "لغت میں عزم کسی کام کے کرنے کا دل سے پختہ ارادہ ہے۔ اصطلاح میں کسی چیز کی طرف میلان اور اسے کرنے کا پکا ارادہ {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11595}۔"
    },
    {
     "heading": "ہم اور عزم کا فرق",
     "markdown": "ہم عزم کی ابتدا ہے، اور عزم ہم کی انتہا {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11596}۔"
    },
    {
     "heading": "توبہ میں عزم",
     "markdown": "توبہ کی صحت کی شرط یہ ہے کہ آدمی پختہ عزم کرے کہ پھر گناہ کی طرف نہیں لوٹے گا {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11598}۔"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/azm",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  }
 },
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-23",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [
  "concept/alaniya",
  "concept/amd",
  "concept/aqr",
  "concept/asal",
  "concept/desire-shahwa",
  "concept/doubt-shakk",
  "concept/halq-shaving",
  "concept/hay-a-fiqh"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}