{
 "id": "concept/ifas",
 "class": "concept",
 "slug": "ifas",
 "label": {
  "ar": "العِفَاص",
  "en": "The wrapping of found property (ifas) and its use as a mark",
  "ur": "عفاص (لقطہ کا ظرف)"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "العفاص في اللغة الوعاء الذي تكون فيه النفقة من جلد أو خرقة أو غيرهما، ويطلق على الجلد الذي يلبس رأس القارورة، وهو في الاصطلاح الوعاء الذي تكون فيه اللقطة {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11668}. والعفاص من علامات معرفة اللقطة، والأصل فيه الحديث في اللقطة بأن يعرف الواكئ والعفاص، ويعرّفها سنة، ثم يمسكها أو ينفقها {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11669}. ولا يكفي عند جمهور الفقهاء معرفة العفاص وحده لاستحقاق اللقطة، بل ينضم إليه الوكاء والوزن والعدد والجنس أو أغلبها {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11669} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11670}. وفصل المالكية فيمن عرف العفاص والوكاء، أو العفاص فقط، فتدفع اللقطة في الأولى دون يمين على المشهور، ولا تدفع في الثانية حالاً بل يُنتظر غيره، وذكر أصبغ اليمين لمن عرف العدد والوزن {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11670}.",
  "en": "In the lexicon, ifas is the container in which money is kept, of leather or cloth, and it is also the cap of a bottle; as a term it is the container in which found property is kept {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11668}. The ifas is one of the marks by which found property is recognised, on the basis of a prophetic instruction to know the tie and the container, announce the find for a year and then keep it or let it go {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11669}. Most jurists hold that knowing the ifas alone does not entitle a claimant to the property; it must be joined with the other marks, such as the tie, the weight, the number, the kind, or most of them {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11669} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11670}. The Malikis distinguish: a claimant who knows the ifas and the tie is given the find without oath, on the preferred view; one who knows only the ifas must wait while others may come; Asbagh requires an oath from one who knows the count and weight {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11670}."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "ideas"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "global"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "the-poor-and-the-worker",
  "ethics-and-character"
 ],
 "data": {
  "kind": "legal",
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "الموسوعة الفقهية الكويتية، نسخة نور بوك، مدخل «عِفَاص»، ص 11668-11670 من المسح",
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5",
   "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
   "run": "mawsua-w07-batch20"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1,
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5; headword عِفَاص complete on scan pp.11668-11670 (lexical sense, the marks of found property, the schools on a claimant who knows some marks). The related term وكاء (tie) is noted within the entry. The next headword عِفّة begins on scan p.11670 and is not drafted here. Footnote citations omitted; the prophetic report is referred to, not quoted"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "العفاص في اللغة الوعاء الذي تكون فيه النفقة من جلد أو خرقة أو غيرهما، وهو في الاصطلاح الوعاء الذي تكون فيه اللقطة {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11668}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "العفاص علامة على اللقطة",
     "markdown": "العفاص من علامات معرفة اللقطة، والأصل فيه الحديث الذي يأمر بمعرفة الوكاء والعفاص، وتعريف اللقطة سنة {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11669}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "معرفة العلامات",
     "markdown": "لا يكفي عند جمهور الفقهاء معرفة العفاص وحده، بل ينضم إليه الوكاء والوزن والعدد والجنس أو أغلبها {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11669} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11670}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "مذهب المالكية",
     "markdown": "من عرف العفاص والوكاء دفعت إليه اللقطة دون يمين على المشهور، ومن عرف العفاص وحده لم تدفع إليه حالاً، وذكر أصبغ اليمين لمن عرف العدد والوزن {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11670}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "مواطن البحث",
     "markdown": "تفصيل اللقطة في «لقطة» {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11670}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/ifas",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "In the lexicon, ifas is the container in which money is kept, of leather or cloth, and it is also the cap of a bottle. As a term it is the container in which found property is kept {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11668}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "The ifas as a mark",
     "markdown": "The ifas is one of the marks by which found property is recognised, on the basis of a prophetic instruction to know the tie and the container, announce the find for a year, and then keep it or let it go {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11669}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Knowing the marks",
     "markdown": "Most jurists hold that knowing the ifas alone does not suffice; it must be joined with the other marks, such as the tie, the weight, the number and the kind, or most of them {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11669} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11670}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "The Maliki view",
     "markdown": "A claimant who knows the ifas and the tie is given the find without oath, on the prevailing view; one who knows only the ifas is not given it at once, and Asbagh requires an oath from one who knows the count and weight {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11670}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Where to look further",
     "markdown": "Found property is treated under «luqta» {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11670}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/ifas",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "خلاصہ",
     "markdown": "لغت میں عفاص وہ ظرف ہے جس میں رقم رکھی جائے، چمڑے یا کپڑے کا، اور بوتل کے منہ پر لگنے والی ڈاٹ کو بھی کہتے ہیں۔ اصطلاح میں یہ وہ ظرف ہے جس میں لقطہ (گری پڑی چیز) رکھا گیا ہو {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11668}۔"
    },
    {
     "heading": "علامت کے طور پر",
     "markdown": "عفاص لقطے کی پہچان کی علامات میں سے ایک ہے۔ جمہور فقہاء کے نزدیک صرف عفاص جاننا کافی نہیں، بلکہ اس کے ساتھ دوسری علامات بھی ہونی چاہئیں {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11669} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11670}۔"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/ifas",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  }
 },
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-23",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [
  "concept/al-tadamun-al-ijtimai",
  "concept/al-takathur-ala-al-dunya",
  "concept/common-ownership-shuyu",
  "concept/consumption-in-islam",
  "concept/heap-sabra",
  "concept/istighlal-hajat-al-muhtaj",
  "concept/itqan-fil-amal",
  "concept/qarunism"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}