{
 "id": "concept/iltibas",
 "class": "concept",
 "slug": "iltibas",
 "label": {
  "ar": "الالتباس",
  "en": "Iltibas (confusion between the lawful and the forbidden)"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "الالتباس في اللغة الخلط، ويأتي بمعنى الاشتباه والإشكال، وهو عند المالكية لفظ مستعمل بذاته. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3282} وإذا التبس الحلال بالحرام رجح جانب الحرمة احتياطا، كمن اشتبهت عليه أجنبية بأخته من الرضاع، أو المذكاة بالميتة، وإذا التبست القبلة اجتهد وتحرى. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3283} وعند جمهور الفقهاء يجتهد ويتحرى فيما التبس من الماء الطاهر بالنجس أو الأواني والثياب، وأحكامه في مصطلح (اشتباه). {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3283}",
  "en": "Iltibas in the lexical sense means mixing, and also confusion or perplexity; the Malikis use the word in its own right. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3282} When the lawful is mixed with the forbidden, the forbidden side is preferred as a precaution: a stranger woman confused with a sister by nursing, or a slaughtered animal confused with carrion. When the qibla is unclear, one searches and decides by reasoning. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3283} Most jurists hold that clean water, vessels and clothes confused with unclean ones are judged by reasoned search. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3283}"
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "ideas"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "global"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "halal-and-haram"
 ],
 "data": {
  "kind": "legal",
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "al-Mawsu'a al-Fiqhiyya al-Kuwaitiyya (Noor copy), headword «التباس», pp.3282-3283 of the scan (ends where «التزام» begins on p.3283). Short entry. Footnote citations omitted.",
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5",
   "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
   "run": "mawsua-w02-9"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "التعريف",
     "markdown": "الالتباس في اللغة من اللَّبس وهو الخلط، ويأتي بمعنى الاشتباه والإشكال، يقال: التبس عليه الأمر أي اشتبه وأشكل. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3282}\nوقد سوّى بعض الفقهاء بين الاشتباه والالتباس، وانفرد المالكية باستعمال لفظ الالتباس، وأكثر غيرهم من لفظي الاشتباه والشك. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3282}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "الحكم الإجمالي",
     "markdown": "يختلف حكم الالتباس بحسب متعلقه. فإذا التبس الحلال بالحرام رجح جانب الحرمة احتياطا، كمن التبست عليه أجنبية بأخته من الرضاع، فحرمتا معا، وكذا إذا اشتبهت المذكاة بالميتة. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3283}\nومن التبست عليه القبلة سأل واجتهد وتحرى، فإذا خفيت تخير وصلى. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3283}\nوعند جمهور الفقهاء إذا اشتبه ماء طاهر بماء نجس، أو التبست الأواني أو الثياب، اجتهد وتحرى، وإن كان الأرجح عند بعض الحنفية الطهارة. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3283}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "مواطن البحث",
     "markdown": "تفصيل أحكام الالتباس والألفاظ ذات الصلة في مصطلح (اشتباه). {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3283}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/iltibas",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Definition",
     "markdown": "Iltibas in the lexical sense is mixing, and also resemblance and perplexity; one says that a matter became confused for him, meaning it was unclear. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3282}\nSome jurists treat it as the same as ishtibah; the Malikis alone use the word iltibas, while others mostly use ishtibah or shakk. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3282}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Ruling",
     "markdown": "The ruling depends on what is confused. When the lawful is mixed with the forbidden, the forbidden side is preferred as a precaution: a stranger woman confused with a sister by nursing makes both forbidden, and so does a slaughtered animal confused with carrion. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3283}\nWhen the qibla is unclear, one asks, searches and reasons; if it cannot be known, one chooses and prays. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3283}\nMost jurists hold that when clean water is confused with unclean water, or vessels or clothes are confused, one searches and reasons; some Hanafis held the cleanness the stronger view. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3283}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "See also",
     "markdown": "The detailed rules and related terms are in the entry on ishtibah (اشتباه). {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3283}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/iltibas",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "تعریف",
     "markdown": "التباس لغت میں خلط ہونے اور مشکل ہونے کو کہتے ہیں۔ {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3282}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "حکم",
     "markdown": "جب حلال اور حرام مل جائیں تو احتیاطاً حرمت کا پہلو راجح ہوتا ہے، جیسے اجنبی عورت اور رضاعی بہن کا التباس۔ {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3283} قبلہ مشتبہ ہو تو اجتہاد اور تحری کی جائے۔ {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3283} پاک اور ناپاک پانی یا برتنوں میں جمہور کے نزدیک اجتہاد اور تحری کی جائے گی۔ {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3283}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/iltibas",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  }
 },
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-23",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [
  "concept/akl",
  "concept/al-manhaj-al-ilahi-amr-wa-nahy",
  "concept/ghulul",
  "concept/hadi-fiqh",
  "concept/hadm-fiqh",
  "concept/hady-fiqh",
  "concept/halak-fiqh",
  "concept/hamyan-fiqh"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}