{
 "id": "concept/infisal",
 "class": "concept",
 "slug": "infisal",
 "label": {
  "ar": "الانفصال",
  "en": "Infisal (separation of parts of the body, of the foetus and of the spouses, and its rulings)"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "الانفصال لغة الانقطاع، وهو مطاوع فصل وضد الاتصال، ويكون ظاهرا وخافيا. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3536} وتتغير أحكام بعض الأجزاء بالانفصال، فما يحرم النظر إليه قبل الانفصال يحرم بعده، وما انفصل من الميت يغسل ويصلى عليه ويدفن عند بعض الفقهاء. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3536} والسقط إن انفصل حيا ثم مات أخذ حكم الكبير، وإن انفصل ميتا فلا يصلى عليه ويدفن. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3537} ولا يرث من انفصل ميتا باتفاق الفقهاء. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3537} وينفصل الزوجان بالفسخ أو الانفساخ، أو الطلاق، أو الموت. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3537}",
  "en": "Infisal is lexically cutting off, the reflexive of fasl, and the opposite of joining, whether visibly or not. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3536} Some parts change their ruling on separation: what is forbidden to look at before it separates remains forbidden after, and some jurists wash, pray over and bury what separates from a dead body. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3536} A miscarriage born alive and then dying takes the ruling of an adult; one born dead is not prayed over but buried. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3537} One who is born dead does not inherit, by agreement. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3537} Spouses are separated by dissolution, by divorce, or by death. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3537}"
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "ideas"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "global"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "health-body-death"
 ],
 "data": {
  "kind": "legal",
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "al-Mawsu'a al-Fiqhiyya al-Kuwaitiyya (Noor copy), headword «انفصال», pp.3536-3537 of the scan (ends where «أنقاض» begins on p.3538). Technical entry on separation in several chapters of fiqh; summarised at the level of the principal rulings.",
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5",
   "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
   "run": "mawsua-w02-9"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "التعريف",
     "markdown": "الانفصال لغة الانقطاع، وهو مطاوع فصل وضد الاتصال، ويكون ظاهرا وخافيا. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3536}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "الألفاظ ذات الصلة",
     "markdown": "- البينونة: بمعنى الانفصال، وكثر استعمالها في الطلاق غير الرجعي. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3536}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "الأجزاء المنفصلة",
     "markdown": "- ما يحرم النظر إليه قبل الانفصال يحرم بعده، كأجزاء العورة. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3536}\n- استدخال المرأة الذكر المقطوع لا حد فيه، وإن حرم الفعل. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3536}\n- ما انفصل من أجزاء الميت يغسل ويصلى عليه ويدفن عند بعض الفقهاء، واحتجوا بما نقل عن الصحابة. وقال أبو حنيفة ومالك: إن وجد أكثر البدن صُلي عليه، وإلا فلا. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3536}\n- الشافعية يستحبون لف ودفن ما انفصل من الحي كاليد والظفر والشعر. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3536}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3537}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "انفصال السقط والولد",
     "markdown": "- السقط إن انفصل حيا ثم مات فهو كالكبير في التسمية والإرث والجناية وغسله وصلاته ودفنه، واستثنى بعض المالكية التسمية قبل اليوم السابع. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3537}\n- إن انفصل ميتا فلا يصلى عليه، ويدفن، وفي غسله ولفه خلاف. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3537}\n- لا يرث من انفصل ميتا باتفاق الفقهاء. وعند الحنفية من انفصل بفعل جان يرث ويورث بحكم الغرة. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3537}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "انفصال الزوجين",
     "markdown": "يكون بواحد من ثلاثة: الفسخ أو الانفساخ، والطلاق، والموت. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3537}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "الانفصال في الاستثناء",
     "markdown": "انفصال المستثنى عن المستثنى منه زمنا طويلا في الإقرار واليمين يبطل الاستثناء، وقيل يصح ما دام المجلس باقيا. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3537}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/infisal",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Definition",
     "markdown": "Infisal is lexically cutting off, the reflexive of fasl and the opposite of joining; it may be visible or hidden. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3536}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Related term",
     "markdown": "Bayna, separation, which is used mainly of a divorce that is not revocable. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3536}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Parts that separate",
     "markdown": "- What is forbidden to look at before separation remains forbidden after it, such as the private parts. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3536}\n- A woman who takes in a severed male member incurs no hadd punishment, though the act is forbidden. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3536}\n- Parts separated from a dead body are washed, prayed over and buried by some jurists, citing the practice of the Companions; Abu Hanifa and Malik hold that the prayer is made only if most of the body is present. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3536}\n- The Shafi'is recommend wrapping and burying what separates from a living person, such as a hand, a nail, hair or a clot. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3536}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3537}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Miscarriage and birth",
     "markdown": "- A miscarriage born alive and then dying takes the ruling of an adult in naming, inheritance, retaliation, washing, prayer and burial; some Malikis exclude naming before the seventh day. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3537}\n- One born dead is not prayed over but is buried; the washing and shrouding are disputed. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3537}\n- One born dead does not inherit, by agreement; the Hanafis hold that one separated by a blow from a wrongdoer inherits, by the rule of the ghurra. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3537}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Separation of spouses",
     "markdown": "It happens by one of three things: dissolution or its effect, divorce, or death. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3537}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Separation in an exception",
     "markdown": "If the excepted matter is separated from the rest for a long time in an acknowledgement or oath, the exception is void; some say it is valid while the session continues. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3537}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/infisal",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "تعریف",
     "markdown": "انفصال لغت میں کٹ جانا ہے، اور اتصال کی ضد ہے۔ {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3536}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "حکم",
     "markdown": "- جدا شدہ اعضاء: میت کے جدا شدہ اعضاء کو بعض فقہاء غسل دے کر نماز پڑھ کر دفن کرتے ہیں۔ {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3536}\n- سقط: زندہ پیدا ہو کر مر جائے تو بڑے کی طرح، اور مردہ پیدا ہو تو نماز نہیں بلکہ دفن کیا جائے۔ {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3537}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/infisal",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  }
 },
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-23",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [
  "concept/adhm",
  "concept/afal",
  "concept/al-huzn",
  "concept/alaqa",
  "concept/alya",
  "concept/anf",
  "concept/anthayan",
  "concept/aql"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}