{
 "id": "concept/junun",
 "class": "concept",
 "slug": "junun",
 "label": {
  "ar": "الجنون",
  "en": "Junun (insanity in law)"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "الجنون في الاصطلاح اختلال في العقل يمنع جريان الأفعال والأقوال على وجهها المعتبر. وتبيّن الموسوعة الفقهية الكويتية أثره في العبادات البدنية كالصلاة والصوم، وفي الزكاة، وفي التصرفات القولية كالوصية والوكالة والشركة، وفي الولاية على النكاح والوقف، وفي الجزية والقصاص والحد، وتفرق بينه وبين العته والسفه والصرع. وتذكر أن عمد الصبي والمجنون يُعد خطأ في الدية. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6558} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6559} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6561} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6564} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6566} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6574}",
  "en": "In law, insanity is a disorder of the mind that prevents acts and words from having their proper legal effect. The Kuwaiti encyclopedia sets out its effect on bodily acts of worship (prayer and fasting, including what a madness that begins or ends in the middle of a prayer or of Ramadan does), on zakat, on the validity of gifts, bequests and agency, on guardianship over marriage and waqf, on the jizya, on retaliation and the hadd punishments. It distinguishes madness from mental weakness (ta'ah), from foolishness (sufah) and from epilepsy. It records that the intentional act of a child or a madman counts as accidental for blood-money purposes. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6558} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6559} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6561} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6564} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6566} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6574}"
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "ideas"
 ],
 "regions": [],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "health-body-death"
 ],
 "data": {
  "kind": "legal",
  "sources": [
   "source/fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "الموسوعة الفقهية الكويتية، نسخة نور بوك، مدخل «جنون»، ص 6558-6575 من المسح",
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5",
   "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
   "run": "mawsua-w04-batch-4"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 0,
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5; summary of scan pp.6558-6575 read at summary level. Next heading جنين at p.6576. Footnotes not checked."
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "الجنون في الاصطلاح اختلال في العقل يمنع الأفعال والأقوال من أن تترتب عليها آثارها المعتبرة شرعا. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6558}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "أثره في العبادات والتصرفات",
     "markdown": "يسقط التكليف عن المجنون، ولا تصح تصرفاته القولية كالهبة والوصية والوقف، ولا تجب عليه العبادات البدنية كالصلاة، وكذلك لا جزية عليه عند الجمهور. وتجب الزكاة في ماله ويخرجها عنه وليه عند جمهور المذاهب الأربعة. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6564} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6566} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6567}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "القصاص والحد",
     "markdown": "لا قصاص على من قتل وهو مجنون، ويؤخذ منه المال لا البدن، وتعد عمد الصبي والمجنون خطأ في الدية. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6561} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6574}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/junun",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "In law, insanity is a disorder of the mind that stops acts and words from having their proper effect. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6558}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Effect on worship and transactions",
     "markdown": "The madman is not accountable, so his spoken transactions such as gifts, bequests and endowments are not valid, and he is not bound by bodily worship such as prayer. The majority also hold that no jizya is due from him. Zakat is due on his property, and his guardian pays it. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6564} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6566} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6567}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Retaliation and punishment",
     "markdown": "No retaliation is due from a madman who kills; the liability falls on his property, and the intentional act of a child or a madman counts as accidental for blood-money. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6561} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6574}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/junun",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5, draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "خلاصہ",
     "markdown": "قانون میں جنون عقل کا ایسا خلل ہے جو افعال اور اقوال کو ان کے معتبر اثر سے روک دے۔ {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6558}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "عبادات اور تصرفات پر اثر",
     "markdown": "مجنون مکلف نہیں ہوتا، اس لیے اس کے ہبہ، وصیت اور وقف جیسے قولی تصرفات درست نہیں، اور اس پر نماز جیسی بدنی عبادات لازم نہیں۔ جمہور کے نزدیک اس پر جزیہ بھی نہیں۔ اس کے مال میں زکوٰۃ واجب ہوتی ہے جو اس کا ولی ادا کرتا ہے۔ {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6564} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6566} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6567}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/junun",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5, draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  }
 },
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-23",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [
  "concept/adhm",
  "concept/afal",
  "concept/al-huzn",
  "concept/alaqa",
  "concept/alya",
  "concept/anf",
  "concept/anthayan",
  "concept/aql"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}