{
 "id": "concept/uqm",
 "class": "concept",
 "slug": "uqm",
 "label": {
  "ar": "العُقْم",
  "en": "Sterility (uqm) and its effect on marriage",
  "ur": "عقم (بانجھ پن)"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "العُقْم في اللغة اليبس الذي يمنع من قبول الأثر، والعقيم الذي لا يولد له، والعقم في المرأة أن لا تحمل {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11773} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11774}. ويستحب لمن يريد النكاح أن ينكح ولوداً بكراً، وحث الشرع على النسل ونهى عن تعطيله، ونهى عن نكاح العقيم في الأثر المروي {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11774} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11775}. واتفق جمهور الفقهاء على أن العقم لا يثبت به فسخ عقد النكاح، وخالف الحسن فجعله خياراً في ابتداء النكاح، ولا يجب على من يعلم عقمه إخبار الآخر قبل العقد عند الجمهور {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11775}. وتجب الدية الكاملة في إبطال قوة الحبل والإحبال بالجناية، ويحرم قطع النسل بالدواء {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11775}.",
  "en": "In the lexicon, uqm is a dryness that prevents conception; a woman who cannot conceive is barren, and the word is used of a man who cannot father children {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11773} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11774}. The jurists recommend that a man marrying choose a fertile virgin, since the law encourages offspring and forbids what blocks them; a report discourages marrying a barren woman {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11774} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11775}. The majority hold that sterility is not a defect that dissolves a marriage; al-Hasan alone gives the option of withdrawal at the start of the marriage, and the majority do not require a spouse who knows of his or her sterility to disclose it before the contract {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11775}. Full blood-money is due for injuring the power to conceive or to impregnate, and cutting off offspring by medicine is forbidden {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11775}."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "ideas"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "global"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "family-marriage-kinship",
  "health-body-death"
 ],
 "data": {
  "kind": "legal",
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "الموسوعة الفقهية الكويتية، نسخة نور بوك، مدخل «عُقْم»، ص 11773-11775 من المسح",
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5",
   "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
   "run": "mawsua-w07-batch28"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1,
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5; headword عُقْم complete on scan pp.11773-11775 (lexical sense, recommendation on marriage and offspring, sterility as a ground of option, injury to the power of procreation, medicines). The cross-reference to العقر (p.11774) is noted. Next headword عُقُوبة begins on scan p.11776. Footnote citations omitted; prophetic reports are referred to, not quoted"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "العُقْم في اللغة اليبس الذي يمنع من قبول الأثر، والعقيم الذي لا يولد له، والمرأة العاقر التي لا تحمل {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11773} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11774}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الترغيب في النسل",
     "markdown": "يستحب لمن يريد النكاح أن ينكح ولوداً بكراً، وقد حثّ الشرع على النسل ونهى عما يعطّله {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11774} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11775}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "العقم وفسخ النكاح",
     "markdown": "اتفق جمهور الفقهاء على أن العقم لا يثبت به فسخ عقد النكاح، وخالف الحسن فجعله خياراً في ابتداء النكاح. ولا يجب عند الجمهور إخبار الآخر بالعقم قبل العقد {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11775}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "إبطال قوة الحبل",
     "markdown": "تجب الدية الكاملة في إبطال قوة الحبل والإحبال بالجناية، ويحرم قطع النسل بالدواء {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11775}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/uqm",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "In the lexicon, uqm is a dryness that prevents conception; a woman who cannot conceive is barren, and the word is used of a man who cannot father children {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11773} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11774}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Encouragement of offspring",
     "markdown": "A man who wants to marry is recommended to choose a fertile virgin; the law encourages offspring and forbids what blocks it {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11774} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11775}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Sterility and the marriage contract",
     "markdown": "The majority hold that sterility does not dissolve a marriage; al-Hasan alone gives the option at the start of the marriage. The majority do not require disclosure of sterility before the contract {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11775}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Injury to the power to conceive",
     "markdown": "Full blood-money is due for injuring the power to conceive or to impregnate; cutting off offspring by medicine is forbidden {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11775}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/uqm",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "خلاصہ",
     "markdown": "لغت میں عقم اس خشکی کو کہتے ہیں جو اثر قبول کرنے سے روکے۔ جو عورت حاملہ نہ ہو وہ عاقر ہے {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11773} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11774}۔"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/uqm",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  }
 },
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-23",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [
  "concept/afal",
  "concept/alaqa",
  "concept/hamil",
  "concept/janin",
  "event/death-of-fatima-bint-muhammad",
  "event/lidud-of-the-prophet",
  "screen/al-marad-al-kabir-2017",
  "building/taj-mahal"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}