{
 "id": "event/killing-of-al-hallaj",
 "class": "event",
 "slug": "killing-of-al-hallaj",
 "label": {
  "ar": "خبر الحسين بن منصور الحلاج",
  "en": "News of al-Husayn ibn Mansur al-Hallaj"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "في سنة تسع وثلاثمائة بلغ المقتدر خبر الحسين بن منصور الحلاج، فأمر بقتله وإحراقه بالنار، وذكر الطبري أنه ضُرب ألف سوط وقُطعت يداه ورجلاه {cite:tabari-tarikh-abu-al-fadl j.11 p.79}، وعند السيوطي قتل في سنة تسع بإفتاء القاضي أبي عمر والفقهاء والعلماء أنه حلال الدم وله في أحواله السنية أخبار أفردها الناس بالتصنيف {cite:tarikh-khulafa-minhaj-1434 p. 590}. وعند ابن الأثير كان سبب قتله أنه نُقل إلى الوزير حامد بن العباس أنه يحيي الموتى والجان تخدمه وأنه موّه على جماعة من حواشي الخليفة ومال إليه نصر الحاجب، فألحّ الوزير على المقتدر بتسليمه فأخذه ومعه إنسان يعرف بالشرقي وغيره، فاعترفوا أنه قد صح عندهم الإله وأنه يحيي الموتى وقابلوه على ذلك فأنكره وقال معاذ الله أن أدعي الربوبية أو النبوة وإنما أنا رجل أعبد الله، فأحضر الوزير القاضي أبا عمرو والقاضي أبا جعفر بن البهلول ووجوه الفقهاء فاستفتاهم، فلما قُرئ عليه كتابه في أن من لم يمكنه الحج بنى بيتاً في داره وطاف حوله وجمع ثلاثين يتيماً أطعمهم وكساهم كان كمن حج، وقال أخذته من كتاب الإخلاص للحسن البصري، قال القاضي أبو عمرو كذبت يا حلال الدم قد سمعناه بمكة وليس فيه هذا، فكتب بإباحة دمه، فلما سمع الحلاج ذلك قال ما يحل لكم دمي واعتقادي الإسلام ومذهبي السنة ولي فيها كتب موجودة فالله الله في دمي، فضُرب ألف سوط فما تأوه ثم قُطعت يداه ورجلاه وقُتل وأُحرق بالنار فلما صار رماداً أُلقي في دجلة ونُصب الرأس ببغداد وأُرسل إلى خراسان، فأقبل بعض أصحابه يقولون إنه لم يُقتل وإنما أُلقي شبهه على دابة وأنه يجيء بعد أربعين يوماً وبعضهم قال إنه ميت على حمار بطريق الطبرستان {cite:kamil-ibn-al-athir p. 93-95} وعند ابن الجوزي صُلب في الجانب الشرقي يومي الأربعاء والخميس وفي الجانب الغربي يومي الجمعة والسبت، لاثنتي عشرة ليلة بقيت من ربيع الآخر {cite:muntazam-ibn-al-jawzi p. 402}.",
  "en": "In the year 309 news of al-Husayn ibn Mansur al-Hallaj reached al-Muqtadir, who ordered him killed and burned with fire. Al-Tabari mentions that he was given a thousand lashes and that his hands and feet were cut off {cite:tabari-tarikh-abu-al-fadl j.11 p.79}. According to al-Suyuti he was killed in the year nine, on the legal opinion of the judge Abu Umar and the jurists and scholars that his blood was lawful; there are reports of his conduct and states that people have devoted separate works to {cite:tarikh-khulafa-minhaj-1434 p. 590}. According to Ibn al-Athir, the cause of his killing was that it was reported to the vizier Hamid ibn al-Abbas that he revived the dead and that jinn served him, that he had beguiled a group of the caliph's courtiers, and that the chamberlain Nasr inclined toward him. The vizier pressed al-Muqtadir to hand him over, and he was seized together with a man known as al-Sharqi and others. They confessed that the divinity had been established for them, that he revived the dead, and that they had met him on that basis; he denied it, saying God forbid that he claim lordship or prophethood, and that he was only a man who worships God. The vizier summoned the judge Abu Amr, the judge Abu Ja'far ibn al-Bahlul and the leading jurists and asked for their ruling. When his written statement was read to them, in which he said that whoever could not make the pilgrimage could build a house in his home, circle it, and feed and clothe thirty orphans, and would then be as one who had made the pilgrimage, and said he had taken this from the Kitab al-Ikhlas of al-Hasan al-Basri, Abu Amr said: 'You lie, O one whose blood is lawful; we heard it in Mecca and it does not contain this.' So the ruling declared his blood lawful. When al-Hallaj heard this he said: 'My blood is not lawful for you; my belief is Islam and my school is the Sunna, and there are books of mine on it that survive. God, God, concerning my blood.' He was given a thousand lashes and did not groan; then his hands and feet were cut off, and he was killed and burned with fire. When he had become ash he was thrown into the Tigris, and his head was displayed in Baghdad and sent to Khurasan. Some of his followers came to say that he had not been killed, but that his likeness had been cast onto an animal and that he would return after forty days; others said he had died on a donkey on the road to Tabaristan {cite:kamil-ibn-al-athir p. 93-95}. According to Ibn al-Jawzi, he was crucified on the eastern bank on Wednesday and Thursday and on the western bank on Friday and Saturday, twelve nights before the end of Rabi' al-Akhir {cite:muntazam-ibn-al-jawzi p. 402}."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [],
 "regions": [],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "data": {
  "kind": "death",
  "date": {
   "start": {
    "hijri": "0309",
    "precision": "year",
    "status": "historical",
    "note": "ج11 ص79",
    "sources": [
     "source/tabari-tarikh-abu-al-fadl"
    ]
   }
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/kamil-ibn-al-athir",
   "source/tabari-tarikh-abu-al-fadl",
   "source/tarikh-khulafa-minhaj-1434",
   "source/muntazam-ibn-al-jawzi"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "generated_by": "Claude (Haiku 5.5) from Apple Vision OCR of Tabari, Tarikh al-Rusul wa'l-Muluk (Dar al-Ma'arif), batch 8",
   "sources": [
    "source/tabari-tarikh-abu-al-fadl"
   ]
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "body pages read; Claude (Haiku 5.5)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "في سنة 309هـ قُتل الحسين بن منصور الحلاج ببغداد بأمر الخليفة المقتدر. وتتفق المصادر على القتل وتختلف في تفاصيل الاتهام والعقوبة. {cite:tabari-tarikh-abu-al-fadl j.11 p.79}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "ما ترويه المصادر",
     "markdown": "يذكر الطبري أن الحلاج ضُرب ألف سوط وقُطعت يداه ورجلاه. {cite:tabari-tarikh-abu-al-fadl j.11 p.79}\n\nيذكر السيوطي أنه قُتل بفتوى القاضي أبي عمر والفقهاء والعلماء أنه حلال الدم. {cite:tarikh-khulafa-minhaj-1434 p.590}\n\nأما ابن الأثير فيذكر أن الوزير حامد بن العباس بلغه أن الحلاج يحيي الموتى وأن الجان تخدمه. وسأل الوزير القضاة والفقهاء، ثم كُتب بإباحة دمه. وينقل عن الحلاج قوله إنه مسلم على مذهب السنة وإن له كتباً في ذلك. {cite:kamil-ibn-al-athir p.93-95}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "النهاية",
     "markdown": "يروي ابن الأثير أنه أُحرق بعد قتله وأُلقي رماده في دجلة، وأن الرأس نُصب ببغداد وأُرسل إلى خراسان. وزعم بعض أصحابه أنه لم يُقتل وأنه سيعود بعد أربعين يوماً. {cite:kamil-ibn-al-athir p.93-95}\n\nما لم يُذكر هنا: رأي الدارسين المحدثين وآراء أخرى في القضية؛ يحتاج إلى مصدر إضافي."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/killing-of-al-hallaj",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-16"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "In 309 AH al-Husayn ibn Mansur al-Hallaj was killed in Baghdad by order of the caliph al-Muqtadir. The sources agree on the killing and differ on the details of the charge and the punishment. {cite:tabari-tarikh-abu-al-fadl j.11 p.79}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "What the sources report",
     "markdown": "Al-Tabari says that al-Hallaj was struck a thousand lashes, and that his hands and feet were cut off. {cite:tabari-tarikh-abu-al-fadl j.11 p.79}\n\nAl-Suyuti says that he was killed by the judgement of the judge Abu Umar and the jurists and scholars, who held that his blood was lawful. {cite:tarikh-khulafa-minhaj-1434 p.590}\n\nIbn al-Athir says that the vizier Hamid ibn al-Abbas was told that al-Hallaj could bring the dead to life and that jinn served him. The vizier asked the judges and jurists, and then a decree was written permitting his blood. Ibn al-Athir quotes al-Hallaj as saying that he is a Muslim on the way of the Sunna and that he has books on this. {cite:kamil-ibn-al-athir p.93-95}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "The end",
     "markdown": "Ibn al-Athir relates that he was burned after his killing and his ashes were thrown into the Tigris, and that the head was set up in Baghdad and sent to Khurasan. Some of his companions claimed that he was not killed and that he would return after forty days. {cite:kamil-ibn-al-athir p.93-95}\n\nWhat is not covered here: the views of modern scholars and other views on the case. This needs an additional source."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/killing-of-al-hallaj",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-16"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "خلاصہ",
     "markdown": "سنہ 309ھ میں حسین بن منصور الحلاج کو خلیفہ المقتدر کے حکم سے بغداد میں قتل کیا گیا۔ تمام مآخذ قتل پر متفق ہیں، البتہ الزام اور سزا کی تفصیلات میں اختلاف ہے۔ {cite:tabari-tarikh-abu-al-fadl j.11 p.79}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "مآخذ کیا بیان کرتے ہیں",
     "markdown": "طبری ذکر کرتے ہیں کہ الحلاج کو ایک ہزار کوڑے مارے گئے اور ان کے ہاتھ پاؤں کاٹ دیے گئے۔ {cite:tabari-tarikh-abu-al-fadl j.11 p.79}\n\nالسیوطی ذکر کرتے ہیں کہ انہیں قاضی ابو عمر اور فقہاء و علماء کے فتوے سے قتل کیا گیا کہ ان کا خون حلال ہے۔ {cite:tarikh-khulafa-minhaj-1434 p.590}\n\nابن الاثیر بیان کرتے ہیں کہ وزیر حامد بن العباس کو خبر ملی کہ الحلاج مردوں کو زندہ کرتے ہیں اور جن ان کی خدمت کرتے ہیں۔ وزیر نے قاضیوں اور فقہاء سے پوچھا، پھر ان کے خون کے مباح ہونے کا فتویٰ لکھا گیا۔ وہ الحلاج سے نقل کرتے ہیں کہ وہ اہلِ سنت کے مسلک پر مسلمان ہیں اور اس بارے میں ان کی کتابیں موجود ہیں۔ {cite:kamil-ibn-al-athir p.93-95}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "انجام",
     "markdown": "ابن الاثیر روایت کرتے ہیں کہ قتل کے بعد انہیں جلایا گیا اور راکھ دجلہ میں ڈال دی گئی، اور سر بغداد میں لٹکایا گیا اور خراسان بھیجا گیا۔ ان کے بعض ساتھیوں کا دعویٰ تھا کہ انہیں قتل نہیں کیا گیا، اور وہ چالیس دن بعد لوٹ آئیں گے۔ {cite:kamil-ibn-al-athir p.93-95}\n\nجدید محققین کی آراء اور اس معاملے کے دیگر نقطہ ہائے نظر یہاں شامل نہیں؛ اس کے لیے مزید ماخذ درکار ہے۔"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/killing-of-al-hallaj",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-19"
  }
 },
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-22",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}