{
 "id": "event/marwan-caliphate",
 "class": "event",
 "slug": "marwan-caliphate",
 "label": {
  "ar": "خلافة مروان بن الحكم",
  "en": "The Caliphate of Marwan ibn al-Hakam"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "خرج مروان بن الحكم بعد موت معاوية بن يزيد فغلب على الشام ثم مصر واستمر إلى أن مات سنة خمس وستين وقد عهد إلى ابنه عبد الملك، وقال الذهبي الأصح أن مروان لا يعد في أمراء المؤمنين بل هو باغ خارج على ابن الزبير ولا عهده إلى ابنه بصحيح وإنما صحت خلافة عبد الملك من حين قتل ابن الزبير {cite:tarikh-khulafa-minhaj-1434 p. 349}.",
  "en": "After Mu'awiya II's death Marwan ibn al-Hakam rose and mastered Syria then Egypt until he died in 65, having willed the succession to his son Abd al-Malik. Al-Dhahabi judges that Marwan is not reckoned among the commanders of the faithful — he was a rebel in revolt against Ibn al-Zubayr, whose testament to his son carried no validity; Abd al-Malik's caliphate became sound only from Ibn al-Zubayr's death {cite:tarikh-khulafa-minhaj-1434 p. 349}."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "time"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "levant-iraq"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/umayyad"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 683.999603003484,
  "latest": 685.0016769680101
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "0684~",
   "hijri": "0064",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "64–65؛ التحويل مشتق {cite:tarikh-khulafa-minhaj-1434 p. 349}."
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "0684~",
   "hijri": "0064",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "64–65؛ التحويل مشتق {cite:tarikh-khulafa-minhaj-1434 p. 349}."
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "kind": "other",
  "date": {
   "start": {
    "edtf": "0684~",
    "hijri": "0064",
    "calendar": "julian",
    "precision": "year",
    "status": "tradition",
    "derived": true,
    "note": "64–65؛ التحويل مشتق {cite:tarikh-khulafa-minhaj-1434 p. 349}."
   }
  },
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "تاريخ الخلفاء للسيوطي (ط المنهاج 1434هـ/2013م) ص 349",
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 High) from Apple Vision OCR",
   "run": "lib-tarikh-khulafa-batch-9"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/tarikh-khulafa-minhaj-1434",
   "source/bakr-umayyad-state-1134715"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 High)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "بعد موت معاوية بن يزيد غلب [[person/marwan-ibn-al-hakam|مروان بن الحكم]] على الشام ثم مصر، وبقي إلى وفاته سنة 65هـ. وعهد إلى ابنه [[person/abd-al-malik-ibn-marwan|عبد الملك]]. {cite:tarikh-khulafa-minhaj-1434 p. 349}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "حكم الذهبي",
     "markdown": "ينقل السيوطي عن الذهبي أن الأصح أن مروان لا يُعد في أمراء المؤمنين، وأنه خارج على ابن الزبير، وأن عهده إلى ابنه لا يصح. وأن خلافة عبد الملك صحت من حين قُتل ابن الزبير. {cite:tarikh-khulafa-minhaj-1434 p. 349}\n\nالرأي المقابل: يحتاج إلى مصدر إضافي."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/marwan-caliphate",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-16"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "After the death of Mu'awiya ibn Yazid, [[person/marwan-ibn-al-hakam|Marwan ibn al-Hakam]] prevailed over Syria and then Egypt, and he remained until his death in 65 AH. He designated his son [[person/abd-al-malik-ibn-marwan|Abd al-Malik]] as his successor. {cite:tarikh-khulafa-minhaj-1434 p. 349}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Al-Dhahabi's judgement",
     "markdown": "Al-Suyuti quotes al-Dhahabi as saying that the sounder view is that Marwan is not counted among the commanders of the faithful, that he rebelled against Ibn al-Zubayr, and that his designation of his son is not valid. He says that Abd al-Malik's caliphate was valid from the time Ibn al-Zubayr was killed. {cite:tarikh-khulafa-minhaj-1434 p. 349}\n\nThe opposing view needs an additional source."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/marwan-caliphate",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-16"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "خلاصہ",
     "markdown": "معاویہ بن یزید کی وفات کے بعد [[person/marwan-ibn-al-hakam|مروان بن الحکم]] شام پر غالب آئے، پھر مصر پر، اور 65ھ میں اپنی وفات تک رہے۔ انہوں نے اپنے بیٹے [[person/abd-al-malik-ibn-marwan|عبد الملک]] کو عہد دیا۔ {cite:tarikh-khulafa-minhaj-1434 p. 349}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "ذہبی کا فیصلہ",
     "markdown": "سیوطی ذہبی سے نقل کرتے ہیں کہ زیادہ صحیح بات یہ ہے کہ مروان کو امیر المؤمنین میں شمار نہیں کیا جاتا، وہ ابن زبیر کے خلاف خروج کرنے والے تھے، اور ان کا بیٹے کو عہد دینا صحیح نہیں۔ اور عبد الملک کی خلافت ابن زبیر کے قتل کے بعد سے درست مانی گئی۔ {cite:tarikh-khulafa-minhaj-1434 p. 349}\n\nمخالف رائے: مزید ماخذ درکار ہے۔"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/marwan-caliphate",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-18"
  }
 },
 "degree": 4,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-22",
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/marwan-ibn-al-hakam",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "المتغلب على الشام ومصر",
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-khulafa-minhaj-1434"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abd-al-malik-ibn-marwan",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "المعهود إليه",
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-khulafa-minhaj-1434"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "passage/muwatta-14-1549",
  "event/abd-al-malik-coinage",
  "event/arabization-of-syrian-diwan",
  "event/battle-of-dayr-al-jathaliq",
  "event/building-of-masisa",
  "event/death-of-hasan-ibn-ali",
  "event/death-of-ibn-al-zubayr",
  "event/dome-of-the-rock-construction"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}