{
 "id": "event/siege-of-malta-1565",
 "class": "event",
 "slug": "siege-of-malta-1565",
 "label": {
  "ar": "حصار مالطة الكبير (٩٧٣هـ/١٥٦٥م)",
  "en": "Great Siege of Malta (973/1565)"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "عزم السلطان سليمان القانوني على فتح مالطة أكبر معاقل المسيحيين وسط المتوسط ومقر فرسان القديس يوحنا، فأرسل أسطوله بقيادة بيالي باشا وأمر درغوث رايس حاكم طرابلس وحسن بن خير الدين بالمشاركة؛ سار حسن بخمس وعشرين سفينة وثلاثة آلاف رجل. وصل الأسطول الإسلامي أمام مالطة في ١٨ مايو وضرب حصاراً شديداً حتى وصل المدد المسيحي بقيادة نائب الملك في صقلية مع ثمان وعشرين سفينة حربية، فانسحب الأسطول الإسلامي في ١٨ ربيع الأول ٩٧٣هـ/٨ ديسمبر ١٥٦٥م {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 252}.",
  "en": "Süleyman resolved to take Malta, the greatest Christian stronghold in the central Mediterranean and seat of the Knights of St John; he sent Piyale Pasha with the fleet and ordered Dragut of Tripoli and Hasan b. Khayr al-Din to join — Hasan with twenty-five ships and three thousand men. The fleet stood off Malta on 18 May and pressed a tight siege until Christian relief under the Sicilian viceroy arrived with twenty-eight warships; the Ottoman fleet withdrew on 18 Rabi' I 973/8 December 1565 {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 252}."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "time"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "anatolia-balkans"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/gunpowder-empires"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 1565.000581805239,
  "latest": 1565.9999178627581
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "1565",
   "hijri": "0973",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "sources": [
    "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
   ]
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "1565-12-08",
   "hijri": "0973-03-18",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "tradition",
   "derived": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
   ]
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "kind": "siege",
  "date": {
   "start": {
    "edtf": "1565",
    "hijri": "0973",
    "calendar": "gregorian",
    "precision": "year",
    "status": "tradition",
    "sources": [
     "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
    ]
   },
   "end": {
    "edtf": "1565-12-08",
    "hijri": "0973-03-18",
    "calendar": "gregorian",
    "precision": "day",
    "status": "tradition",
    "derived": true,
    "sources": [
     "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
    ]
   }
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
  ],
  "external_ids": {
   "wikidata": "Q46783"
  },
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "الدولة العثمانية لعلي محمد الصلابي (ط1 1421) ص 252 — draft card verified on the page",
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 Medium)",
   "model": "SWE-2 Medium",
   "run": "salabi-uthmani-batch13"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 Medium)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "الحملة العثمانية الكبرى على مالطة سنة ٩٧٣هـ/١٥٦٥م {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 252}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الاستهداف",
     "markdown": "عزم السلطان [[person/sulayman-al-qanuni|سليمان القانوني]] على فتح مالطة أكبر معاقل المسيحيين وسط المتوسط ومقر [[group/knights-of-st-john|فرسان القديس يوحنا]]، فأرسل أسطوله بقيادة [[person/piyale-pasha|بيالي باشا]] وأمر [[person/turgut-reis|درغوث رايس]] و[[person/hasan-ibn-khayr-al-din|حسن بن خير الدين]] بالمشاركة — سار حسن بخمس وعشرين سفينة وثلاثة آلاف رجل {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 252}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الحصار والانسحاب",
     "markdown": "وصل الأسطول أمام مالطة في ١٨ مايو وضرب حصاراً شديداً حتى وصل المدد المسيحي بقيادة نائب الملك في صقلية مع ثمان وعشرين سفينة حربية، فانسحب الأسطول الإسلامي في ١٨ ربيع الأول ٩٧٣هـ/٨ ديسمبر ١٥٦٥م {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 252}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/siege-of-malta-1565",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "The great Ottoman campaign against Malta, 973/1565 {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 252}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "The objective",
     "markdown": "Sultan [[person/sulayman-al-qanuni|Süleyman]] resolved to take Malta, the greatest Christian stronghold in the central Mediterranean and seat of the [[group/knights-of-st-john|Knights of St John]]; he sent [[person/piyale-pasha|Piyale Pasha]] with the fleet and ordered [[person/turgut-reis|Dragut]] and [[person/hasan-ibn-khayr-al-din|Hasan b. Khayr al-Din]] to join — Hasan with twenty-five ships and three thousand men {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 252}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Siege and withdrawal",
     "markdown": "The fleet stood off Malta on 18 May and pressed a tight siege until Christian relief under the Sicilian viceroy arrived with twenty-eight warships; the Ottoman fleet withdrew on 18 Rabi' I 973/8 December 1565 {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 252}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/siege-of-malta-1565",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Devin (SWE-2 Medium), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "خلاصہ",
     "markdown": "مالٹا پر عظیم عثمانی مہم، 973ھ/1565ء {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 252}۔"
    },
    {
     "heading": "مقصد",
     "markdown": "سلطان [[person/sulayman-al-qanuni|سلیمان قانونی]] نے وسطی بحیرہ روم کے عیسائیوں کے سب سے بڑے قلعہ اور [[group/knights-of-st-john|سینٹ جان کے شوالیوں]] کے مرکز مالٹا کی فتح کا ارادہ کیا؛ اس نے [[person/piyale-pasha|پیالی پاشا]] کو بیڑے کے ساتھ بھیجا اور [[person/turgut-reis|درغوث]] اور [[person/hasan-ibn-khayr-al-din|حسن بن خیر الدین]] کو شمولیت کا حکم دیا — حسن پچیس جہاز اور تین ہزار آدمی لے کر چلا {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 252}۔"
    },
    {
     "heading": "محاصرہ اور واپسی",
     "markdown": "بیڑا 18 مئی کو مالٹا کے سامنے پہنچا اور سخت محاصرہ کیا یہاں تک کہ صقلیہ کے وائسرائے کی قیادت میں اٹھائیس جنگی جہازوں کی عیسائی امداد پہنچی؛ عثمانی بیڑا 18 ربیع الاول 973ھ/8 دسمبر 1565ء کو واپس ہوا {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 252}۔"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/siege-of-malta-1565",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Devin (SWE-2 Medium), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  }
 },
 "degree": 10,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-23",
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/piyale-pasha",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/turgut-reis",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/hasan-ibn-khayr-al-din",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/sulayman-al-qanuni",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "group/knights-of-st-john",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "event/ottoman-raid-djerba-967",
  "event/battle-mohacs-932",
  "event/battle-mostaganem-965",
  "event/capitulations-941",
  "event/capture-of-baghdad-1534",
  "event/conquest-of-belgrade-1521",
  "event/conquest-of-rhodes-928",
  "event/siege-vienna-935"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}