{
 "id": "exhibit/path-mamluk-cairo",
 "class": "exhibit",
 "slug": "path-mamluk-cairo",
 "label": {
  "ar": "القاهرة المملوكة",
  "en": "Mamluk Cairo"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "مسار في سلطنة المماليك: بيبرس وقلاوون والناصر محمد، ومسجد السلطان حسن، ومدينة القاهرة في القرن الثامن الهجري.",
  "en": "A trail through the Mamluk sultanate."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [],
 "regions": [
  "egypt-nile"
 ],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "data": {
  "kind": "trail",
  "audience": [
   "newcomer",
   "student"
  ],
  "duration_minutes": 30,
  "rooms": [
   {
    "title": {
     "ar": "بيبرس",
     "en": "Baybars"
    },
    "body": {
     "ar": "أنشأ الظاهر بيبرس المدرسة الظاهرية عند باب الذهب من القصر الفاطمي. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.1032} وخرج مع قلاوون إلى الشام بعد قتل أقطاي. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.1081} وتسلطن ولقب بالملك الظاهر بعد قتل قطز. {cite:tarikh-khulafa-minhaj-1434 p.720}",
     "en": "Al-Zahir Baybars founded the al-Zahiriyya madrasa at Bab al-Dhahab of the Fatimid palace. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.1032} He left Cairo with Qalawun for Syria after Aqtay was killed. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.1081} He took the sultanate after Qutuz was killed, under the title al-Malik al-Zahir. {cite:tarikh-khulafa-minhaj-1434 p.720}"
    },
    "features": [
     "person/baybars",
     "place/cairo"
    ]
   },
   {
    "title": {
     "ar": "قلاوون",
     "en": "Qalawun"
    },
    "body": {
     "ar": "بُني المارستان المنصوري على موضع القصر الغربي الصغير، وفي داخل المجمع القبة المنصورية. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.1061} وشرع المنصور قلاوون في بناء المارستان والمدرسة والتربة، وتولى عمارتها سنجر الشجاعي. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.1249} والمدرسة الناصرية ملاصقة لمئذنة القبة المنصورية. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.1062}",
     "en": "The Mansuri hospital was built on the site of the small western palace, and inside the complex stands the Mansuri dome. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.1061} Qalawun began the hospital, the madrasa and the mausoleum, and Sanjar al-Shuja'i oversaw the works. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.1249} The al-Nasiriyya madrasa stands beside the minaret of the Mansuri dome. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.1062}"
    },
    "features": [
     "person/qalawun",
     "place/cairo"
    ]
   },
   {
    "title": {
     "ar": "الناصر",
     "en": "Al-Nasir"
    },
    "body": {
     "ar": "كان الملك الناصر محمد بن قلاوون سلطان مصر سنة 702هـ، والقائم بتدبير الدولة بيبرس الجاشنكير. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.240} وعمّر الجسر على بحر النيل ليكسر قوة التيار عن البر. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.241} وأنشأ الجامع الجديد الناصري ظاهر مصر. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.831}",
     "en": "Al-Malik al-Nasir Muhammad ibn Qalawun was sultan in Egypt in 702 AH, with Baybars al-Jashnakir managing the state. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.240} He built a bridge over the Nile to break the force of the current from the bank. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.241} He founded the al-Jami' al-Jadid al-Nasiri outside Misr. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.831}"
    },
    "features": [
     "person/al-nasir-muhammad-ibn-qalawun",
     "place/cairo"
    ]
   },
   {
    "title": {
     "ar": "السلطان حسن",
     "en": "Sultan Hasan"
    },
    "body": {
     "ar": "بدأ السلطان حسن عمارة مسجده ومدرسته سنة 757هـ. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.2111} واستمرت العمارة ثلاث سنين لا تنقطع، وأُرصد لها عشرون ألف درهم كل يوم. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.2111} ويقول المقريزي إنه لا يُعرف في بلاد الإسلام معبد يحكيه. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.2111}",
     "en": "Sultan Hasan began building his mosque and madrasa in 757 AH. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.2111} The building went on for three years without a break, with twenty thousand dirhams set aside each day. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.2111} Al-Maqrizi says that no mosque of the Muslims is known to resemble it. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.2111}"
    },
    "features": [
     "building/masjid-sultan-hasan",
     "place/cairo"
    ]
   },
   {
    "title": {
     "ar": "المدينة",
     "en": "The city"
    },
    "body": {
     "ar": "نزل جوهر موضع القاهرة في شعبان سنة 358هـ. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.1030} وكانت القاهرة دار خلافة ينزلها الخليفة بحرمه وخواصه. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.1001} ثم صارت مدينة سكنى بعدما كانت حصناً يُعتقل فيه. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.1001}",
     "en": "Jawhar settled on the site of Cairo in Sha'ban 358 AH. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.1030} Cairo was a caliphal residence where the caliph lived with his household and his closest people. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.1001} It then became a city of residence, after it had been a fortress in which one was held. {cite:khitat-maqrizi-1998 p.1001}"
    },
    "features": [
     "place/cairo",
     "building/al-azhar"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "prerequisites": [
   "exhibit/path-islam-in-30-minutes"
  ],
  "sources": [
   "source/khitat-maqrizi-1998",
   "source/tarikh-khulafa-minhaj-1434",
   "source/wikidata"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "Trail assembled from the Mamluk features; room sentences cite al-Maqrizi's Khitat (local scan, pp. 240, 241, 831, 1001, 1030, 1032, 1061, 1062, 1081, 1249, 2111) and al-Suyuti (p. 720)",
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 High); rooms rewritten by Claude Haiku 5.5 (showcase-prose lane)",
   "model": "SWE-2 High",
   "run": "pathways-batch-7, showcase-prose-phase2-egypt-batch4"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "published",
   "completeness": 3,
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5; rooms rewritten with Khitat citations (three cited sentences each). Every featured record is at completeness 3 (Baybars, Qalawun, al-Nasir, Sultan Hasan, al-Azhar, Cairo)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "مسار في سلطنة المماليك: قلاوون وبيبرس والناصر، ومسجد السلطان حسن، وأزهى عصور العمارة الإسلامية."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "exhibit/path-mamluk-cairo",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-17"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "A path through the Mamluk sultanate: Qalawun, Baybars and al-Nasir, the Mosque of Sultan Hasan, and the finest age of Islamic architecture."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "exhibit/path-mamluk-cairo",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-17"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "خلاصہ",
     "markdown": "مملوک سلطنت کا راستہ: قلاوون، بیبرس اور الناصر، مسجد سلطان حسن، اور اسلامی فنِ تعمیر کے عروج کے زمانے۔"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "exhibit/path-mamluk-cairo",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-17"
  }
 },
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-24",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}