{
 "id": "person/abdullah-cevdet",
 "class": "person",
 "slug": "abdullah-cevdet",
 "label": {
  "ar": "عبد الله جودت",
  "en": "Abdullah Cevdet",
  "ur": "عبد اللہ جودت"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "طبيب وشاعر ومفكر كردي تركي (1869–1932)، أحد طلاب الطبية الخمسة الذين أسسوا جمعية الاتحاد العثماني سنة 1889، نواة جمعية الاتحاد والترقي. من أبرز دعاة التغريب في أواخر الدولة العثمانية؛ ترجم بوخنر ودولباخ، وأصدر مجلة «إجتهاد» من 1904 حتى وفاته، وحُوكم مرارًا بسبب كتابات عدّها خصومه كفرًا؛ وأقرّ أتاتورك بأن عددًا من مقترحاته كان في أصل إصلاحاته.",
  "en": "Kurdish-Turkish physician, poet and thinker (1869–1932), one of the five medical students who founded the Ottoman Union Committee in 1889, the nucleus of the Committee of Union and Progress. A leading Westernist of the late Ottoman Empire, he translated Büchner and d'Holbach, published the journal İctihad from 1904 until his death, and was repeatedly prosecuted over writings his opponents called blasphemous; Atatürk acknowledged several of his proposals among the ideas behind the Turkish reforms.",
  "ur": "کرد ترک طبیب، شاعر اور مفکر (1869–1932)، طب کے ان پانچ طلبہ میں سے ایک جنھوں نے 1889 میں جمعیتِ اتحادِ عثمانی کی بنیاد رکھی جو آگے چل کر جمعیت اتحاد و ترقی بنی۔ متاخر عثمانی دور کے نمایاں مغربیت پسند؛ انھوں نے بوخنر اور دولباخ کا ترجمہ کیا، 1904 سے وفات تک رسالہ «اجتہاد» جاری رکھا، اور اپنی تحریروں پر بارہا مقدمات کا سامنا کیا؛ اتاترک نے اقرار کیا کہ ان کی کئی تجاویز ان کی اصلاحات کے پسِ پشت تھیں۔"
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "anatolia-balkans"
 ],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 1869.688563077955,
  "latest": 1932.912311683302
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "1869-09-09",
   "hijri": "1286",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "historical",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Born at Arapgir in Malatya province, son of Hacı Ömer Vasfi Efendi, a battalion clerk at Diyarbakır; he described himself as a Turk of Kurdish origin. The day date is given by both articles, by Hanioğlu's TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi entry and by the referenced Wikidata value; the English article's early-life text also notes a variant birth year of 1867 in one thesis (Alpay, 2007), which is not followed. There is no place entity for Arapgir, so no born_in edge is written. The Hijri year 1286 is the derived conversion of 1869.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-en",
    "source/wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-tr",
    "source/wikidata-abdullah-cevdet"
   ]
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "1932-11-29",
   "hijri": "1351",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "historical",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Died of a heart attack at Istanbul and was buried at Merkezefendi Cemetery, Istanbul; there is no entity for the cemetery, so no buried_in edge is written. The Hijri year 1351 is the derived conversion of 1932.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-en",
    "source/wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-tr",
    "source/wikidata-abdullah-cevdet"
   ]
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "names": [
   {
    "value": "Abdullah Cevdet",
    "kind": "full"
   },
   {
    "value": "عبد الله جودت",
    "kind": "full"
   },
   {
    "value": "Ömer Cevdet",
    "kind": "pen"
   },
   {
    "value": "Bir Kürd",
    "kind": "pen"
   },
   {
    "value": "Goril",
    "kind": "pen"
   },
   {
    "value": "Abdullah Cevdet Karlıdağ",
    "kind": "alternate"
   }
  ],
  "gender": "male",
  "roles": [
   "physician",
   "writer",
   "politician"
  ],
  "born": {
   "edtf": "1869-09-09",
   "hijri": "1286",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "historical",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Born at Arapgir in Malatya province, son of Hacı Ömer Vasfi Efendi, a battalion clerk at Diyarbakır; he described himself as a Turk of Kurdish origin. The day date is given by both articles, by Hanioğlu's TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi entry and by the referenced Wikidata value; the English article's early-life text also notes a variant birth year of 1867 in one thesis (Alpay, 2007), which is not followed. There is no place entity for Arapgir, so no born_in edge is written. The Hijri year 1286 is the derived conversion of 1869.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-en",
    "source/wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-tr",
    "source/wikidata-abdullah-cevdet"
   ]
  },
  "died": {
   "edtf": "1932-11-29",
   "hijri": "1351",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "historical",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Died of a heart attack at Istanbul and was buried at Merkezefendi Cemetery, Istanbul; there is no entity for the cemetery, so no buried_in edge is written. The Hijri year 1351 is the derived conversion of 1932.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-en",
    "source/wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-tr",
    "source/wikidata-abdullah-cevdet"
   ]
  },
  "faith": [
   {
    "value": "unknown",
    "basis": "unknown",
    "note": "No school is at issue; the live question is whether he is documented as an atheist, and that does not meet the lane's bar of two independent scholarly traditions attesting a man's own unbelief (the Akhundov standard). What the sources give is this. The English article's text says he was initially a pious Muslim who received a religious education and was turned by Western materialist philosophies against institutionalized religion; quoting Hanioğlu, it says he thought that 'although the Muslim God was of no use in the modern era, Islamic society must preserve Islamic principles', that he wanted to discard God but keep religion as a social force, styled himself a 'materialist mujtahid', turned to the Bektashi and then defended the Baháʼí Faith as 'an intermediary step between Islam and the final abandonment of religious belief', and wrote in one poem 'We are pious infidels'. The same article records that at his funeral 'nobody claimed his coffin due to his alleged atheism', and its categories file him under 'Kurdish atheists' and 'Turkish atheists' — category filings, not text attestation. The Turkish article's infobox leaves its religion field blank; its text calls him 'accused of irreligion' (Dinsizlikle suçlanan) in the funeral account, and its categories likewise file him among atheist writers. Wikidata's only religion value is atheism (Q7066), a single unreferenced structured-data value. Hanioğlu's TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi entry, read for this check, documents the same pattern — the Dozy translation made him known as an enemy of religion, İctihad published articles against religion, and in 1922 he recommended that Baháʼísm be accepted as a new religion — without settling him as an atheist. The atheist reading thus rests on category filings, one structured value and the accusations of his religious opponents, while the fullest scholarly tradition documents a project of fusing Islam with materialism; that is doubt, and under the doubt rule no atheist-or-sceptic value is recorded. Both readings are preserved here and in the prose.",
    "sources": [
     "source/wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-en",
     "source/wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-tr",
     "source/wikidata-abdullah-cevdet"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "external_ids": {
   "wikidata": "Q317592"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-en",
   "source/wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-tr",
   "source/wikidata-abdullah-cevdet"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "Lane brief century-additions-42 (group Z2); grounded from English Wikipedia revision 1381120760 of 20 October 2026, Turkish Wikipedia revision 37867216 of 1 September 2026, and Wikidata item Q317592 (item revision 2560202032 of 24 October 2026), resolved via the Wikipedia API pageprops and Special:EntityData and re-fetched by revision id with content verified identical. M. Şükrü Hanioğlu's TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi entry 'Abdullah Cevdet' (1988, vol. 1, pp. 90-93) was also read in full for the faith check. He is a different man from Ahmed Cevdet Pasha and from Ahmed Cevdet Oran (wave 41); nothing is read across from their records. The one edge written here is his death at Istanbul; Arapgir and the Merkezefendi Cemetery have no place entities, so birth and burial are carried in the notes.",
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)",
   "run": "century-additions-42"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "published",
   "completeness": 3,
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "التكوين",
     "markdown": "وُلد في 9 سبتمبر 1869 في عربكير بولاية ملاطية، ابنًا لحاجي عمر وصفي أفندي، كاتب طابور في الجيش، ووصف نفسه بأنه تركي من أصل كردي مسلم سني. درس في مدرسة قوله لي العسكرية ثم في المدرسة الطبية العسكرية في إسطنبول، حيث جذبته المادية البيولوجية الشائعة بين الطلاب — فترجم كتاب بوخنر «القوة والمادة» سنة 1890 — بعيدًا عن تدين نشأته. تخرج برتبة يوزباشي مساعد وعمل طبيب عيون في مستشفى حيدر باشا. {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-en} {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-tr}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "اتحادي ومنفي وناشر",
     "markdown": "في 3 يونيو 1889 أسس مع إبراهيم تيمو وإسحاق سكوتي ومحمد رشيد وحكمت أمين جمعية الاتحاد العثماني. اعتُقل ونُفي إلى طرابلس الغرب سنة 1897، فهرب إلى باريس وكتب في صحافة تركيا الفتاة، ثم طُرد من فرنسا فاستقر في القاهرة سنة 1904، حيث أسس في سبتمبر منها مجلة «إجتهاد» التي نقلها لاحقًا إلى إسطنبول وظل يصدرها، مع إغلاقات متكررة، حتى وفاته. جعلته ترجمته سنة 1911 لتاريخ الإسلام لرينهارت دوزي سيئ السمعة عند المحافظين الدينيين؛ وحُوكم مرارًا بسبب كتابات وصفها خصومه بالكفر، وحُكم عليه سنة 1922 بالسجن عامين بسبب مقالة اقترح فيها البهائية دينًا جديدًا، ثم نُقض الحكم في التمييز. {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-en} {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-tr}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "أفكاره",
     "markdown": "أراد تركيا غربية علمانية تمامًا وقال ذلك دون تجميل: اقترح اعتماد الأبجدية اللاتينية، وإغلاق التكايا والمزارات، وتحرير لباس الرأس، ومنح النساء حقوقًا مساوية — وهي مقترحات أقرّ أتاتورك لاحقًا بأنها من منابع إصلاحاته. {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "الموقف الديني",
     "markdown": "موقفه الداخلي موثق بوصفه مسارًا أكثر منه وصفًا مستقرًا. تصف مصادر المقالة الإنجليزية شابًا متدينًا في البداية تلقى تعليمًا دينيًا، ثم صرفته الفلسفة المادية عن الدين المؤسسي؛ وتنقل عن شكري هاني أوغلو رأيه بأن «الله عند المسلمين لم يعد نافعًا في العصر الحديث، ومع ذلك يجب أن يحفظ المجتمع الإسلامي المبادئ الإسلامية»، ومشروعه في «مادية إسلامية»، ووصفه نفسه بأنه «مجتهد مادي»، وبيته «نحن كفار أتقياء»، وتقلّبه بين البكتاشية ثم البهائية التي مدحها خطوة وسيطة نحو ترك الاعتقاد الديني نهائيًا. ويذكر مدخل كارل زوسهايم الموسوعي أن خصومه لقّبوه «عدو الإسلام الأبدي»؛ وتذكر المقالة التركية أنه وُصف عند جنازته بأنه «متهم بترك الدين»، وتصنّفه منظومة تصنيفات المقالتين بين الكتاب الملحدين، بينما يحمل ويكي بيانات قيمة دين وحيدة هي الإلحاد. ولا تشهد أي تقليد علمي له بمذهب، والتقليد العلمي الأعرف به يوثّق الدعوة والاتهام لا إعلان إلحاد، لذلك لا يثبت هذا السجل أي انتماء. {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-en} {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-tr} {cite:wikidata-abdullah-cevdet}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "الوفاة",
     "markdown": "توفي بأزمة قلبية في إسطنبول في 29 نوفمبر 1932 ودُفن في مقبرة مركز أفندي؛ وكانت صلاة جنازته نفسها موضع خلاف بسبب سمعته، فأُديت بعد التماس بيامي صفا إلى المفتي. {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-en} {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-tr}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "المصادر",
     "markdown": "- {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-en}\n- {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-tr}\n- {cite:wikidata-abdullah-cevdet}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/abdullah-cevdet",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-26"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Formation",
     "markdown": "He was born on 9 September 1869 at Arapgir in Malatya province, the son of Hacı Ömer Vasfi Efendi, a battalion clerk, and described himself as a Turk of Kurdish origin and a Sunni Muslim. After primary school at Hozat and Ma'muretulaziz he studied at the Kuleli Military High School and then at the Military Medical School in Istanbul, where the biological materialism then circulating among the students — he translated Ludwig Büchner's *Kraft und Stoff* in 1890 — drew him away from the piety of his upbringing. He graduated as a junior captain and worked as an ophthalmologist at Haydarpaşa hospital. {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-en} {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-tr}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Unionist, exile, publisher",
     "markdown": "On 3 June 1889, with İbrahim Temo, İshak Sükûti, Mehmed Reşid and Hikmet Emin, he founded the Ottoman Union Committee. Arrested and exiled to Tripolitania in 1897, he escaped to Paris, wrote for the Young Turk press, was expelled from France, and in 1904 settled in Cairo, where in September 1904 he founded the journal İctihad, later moved to Istanbul and published, with repeated closures, until his death. His 1911 translation of Reinhart Dozy's history of Islam made him notorious among religious conservatives; his journal was prosecuted again and again, and he stood trial on charges arising from writings his opponents called blasphemous — in 1922 he was sentenced to two years over his article proposing the Baháʼí Faith as a new religion, a conviction later quashed. {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-en} {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-tr}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Ideas",
     "markdown": "Cevdet wanted a thoroughly Westernised, secular Turkey and said so without softening: he proposed adopting the Latin alphabet, closing dervish lodges and shrines, lifting the ban on headgear reform, and giving women equal rights — proposals Atatürk later acknowledged among the sources of the Turkish reforms. {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Affiliation",
     "markdown": "His inner position is documented more as a trajectory than as a settled label. The English article's sources describe a young man initially pious and religiously educated whom materialist philosophy turned against institutionalised religion; quoting Şükrü Hanioğlu, they record his view that \"although the Muslim God was of no use in the modern era, Islamic society must preserve Islamic principles\", his project of an \"Islamic materialism\", his self-description as a \"materialist mujtahid\", his line \"We are pious infidels\", and his successive turns to Bektashi heterodoxy and to the Baháʼí Faith, which he praised as an intermediate step toward the abandonment of religious belief. Karl Süssheim's encyclopaedia entry records that opponents labelled him \"eternal enemy of Islam\"; the Turkish article reports that at his funeral he was \"accused of irreligion\", and both articles' category systems file him among atheist writers, while Wikidata carries a single religion value of atheism. No scholarly tradition attests a school for him, and the scholarly tradition that knows him best documents advocacy and accusation rather than a profession of atheism, so this record states no affiliation. {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-en} {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-tr} {cite:wikidata-abdullah-cevdet}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Death",
     "markdown": "He died of a heart attack at Istanbul on 29 November 1932 and was buried at Merkezefendi Cemetery; the funeral prayer was itself disputed because of his reputation, and was performed after Peyami Safa's appeal to the mufti. {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-en} {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-tr}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Sources",
     "markdown": "- {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-en}\n- {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-tr}\n- {cite:wikidata-abdullah-cevdet}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/abdullah-cevdet",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-26"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "تشکیل",
     "markdown": "وہ 9 ستمبر 1869 کو صوبہ ملاطیہ کے عربگیر میں پیدا ہوئے؛ ان کے والد حاجی عمر وصفی آفندی فوج کے کاتب تھے، اور انھوں نے خود کو کرد اصل ترک اور سنی مسلمان بتایا۔ حولہ لی عسکری مدرسے اور پھر استنبول کے عسکری طبی مدرسے میں پڑھے، جہاں طلبہ میں رائج حیاتیاتی مادیت — انھوں نے 1890 میں بوخنر کی کتاب کا ترجمہ کیا — نے انھیں لڑکپن کی دینداری سے دور کر دیا۔ وہ معاون یوزباشی بن کر فارغ ہوئے اور حیدر پاشا اسپتال میں ماہرِ چشم رہے۔ {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-en} {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-tr}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "اتحادی، جلاوطن، ناشر",
     "markdown": "3 جون 1889 کو انھوں نے ابراہیم تیمو، اسحاق سکوتی، محمد رشید اور حکمت امین کے ساتھ جمعیتِ اتحادِ عثمانی قائم کی۔ 1897 میں گرفتار ہو کر طرابلس جلاوطن ہوئے، پیرس بھاگ گئے اور نوجوان ترک صحافت میں لکھا، پھر فرانس سے نکالے گئے تو 1904 میں قاہرہ آ بسے، جہاں ستمبر 1904 میں رسالہ «اجتہاد» جاری کیا، اسے بعد میں استنبول منتقل کیا اور بار بار بندشوں کے باوجود وفات تک نکالتے رہے۔ 1911 میں دوزی کی تاریخِ اسلام کے ترجمے نے انھیں مذہبی قدامت پسندوں میں بدنام کر دیا؛ کفر کہی جانے والی تحریروں پر بارہا مقدمے چلے، اور 1922 میں بہائی مذہب کو نیا دین تجویز کرنے والے مضمون پر دو سال قید کی سزا ہوئی جو بعد میں کالعدم ہوئی۔ {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-en} {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-tr}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "خیالات",
     "markdown": "وہ مکمل مغربی اور سیکولر ترکی چاہتے تھے اور بے لاگ کہتے تھے: لاطینی رسم الخط اپنانے، خانقاہیں اور مزارات بند کرنے، سر کے لباس کی اصلاح اور خواتین کو مساوی حقوق دینے کی تجاویز دیں — اتاترک نے بعد میں اقرار کیا کہ یہ تجاویز ان کی اصلاحات کے ماخذوں میں سے تھیں۔ {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "مذہبی موقف",
     "markdown": "ان کا باطنی موقف کسی مستقر لقب سے زیادہ ایک سفر کے طور پر مندرج ہے۔ انگریزی مضمون کے ماخذ ایک نوجوان کی تصویر دیتے ہیں جو ابتدا میں دیندار اور مذہبی تعلیم یافتہ تھا، پھر مادی فلسفے نے اسے ادارہ جاتی مذہب سے موڑ دیا؛ شکری ہانی اوغلو کے حوالے سے اس کی رائے نقل ہے کہ «جدید دور میں مسلمانوں کا خدا مفید نہیں رہا، تاہم اسلامی معاشرے کو اسلامی اصول محفوظ رکھنے چاہیں»، اس کا «اسلامی مادیت» کا منصوبہ، خود کو «مادی مجتہد» کہنا، اس کا شعر «ہم پرہیزگار کافر ہیں»، اور بکتاشیہ سے بہائیت تک اس کا سفر، جسے اس نے مذہبی عقیدے کے حتمی ترک کی طرف درمیانی قدم کہا۔ کارل زوسہائم کے موسوعاتی مدخل میں درج ہے کہ مخالفین نے انھیں «اسلام کا ابدی دشمن» کہا؛ ترکی مضمون لکھتا ہے کہ جنازے پر ان پر «ترکِ دین کا الزام» لگا، اور دونوں مضامین کی درجہ بندیاں انھیں ملحد مصنفین میں رکھتی ہیں، جبکہ ویکی ڈیٹا میں دین کی واحد قدر الحاد ہے۔ کوئی علمی روایت ان کے کسی مکتب کی شہادت نہیں دیتی، اور انھیں سب سے بہتر جاننے والی علمی روایت بھی الحاد کے اعلان کے بجائے دعوت اور الزام درج کرتی ہے، اس لیے یہ سجل کوئی وابستگی ثابت نہیں کرتا۔ {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-en} {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-tr} {cite:wikidata-abdullah-cevdet}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "وفات",
     "markdown": "وہ 29 نومبر 1932 کو استنبول میں دل کے دورے سے انتقال کر گئے اور مرکز آفندی قبرستان میں دفن ہوئے؛ ان کی شہرت کی وجہ سے نمازِ جنازہ خود متنازع ہوئی اور پیامی صفا کی درخواست پر مفتی کی مداخلت سے ادا ہوئی۔ {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-en} {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-tr}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "ماخذ",
     "markdown": "- {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-en}\n- {cite:wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-tr}\n- {cite:wikidata-abdullah-cevdet}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/abdullah-cevdet",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-26"
  }
 },
 "degree": 2,
 "contemporaries": [
  "person/abd-al-qadir-al-maghribi",
  "person/abdulmecid-ii",
  "person/abdurreshid-ibrahim",
  "person/adly-yakan-pasha",
  "person/ahmad-al-hamlawi",
  "person/ahmed-cevdet-oran",
  "person/alikhan-bukeikhanov",
  "person/alimardan-topchubashev",
  "person/alladiya-khan",
  "person/ashraf-ali-thanwi",
  "person/badreddin-al-hasani",
  "person/bakathir-muhammad-ibn-muhammad"
 ],
 "updated": "2026-10-26",
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "place/istanbul",
   "type": "died_in",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-en",
    "source/wikipedia-abdullah-cevdet-tr",
    "source/wikidata-abdullah-cevdet"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "building/arap-cami-istanbul",
  "building/atik-ali-pasha-mosque",
  "building/eski-imaret-mosque",
  "building/eyup-sultan-mosque",
  "building/fenari-isa-mosque",
  "building/gul-mosque-istanbul",
  "building/hagia-sophia",
  "building/hirami-ahmed-pasha-mosque"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}