{
 "id": "person/abu-hurayra",
 "class": "person",
 "slug": "abu-hurayra",
 "label": {
  "en": "Abu Hurayra",
  "ar": "أبو هريرة"
 },
 "summary": {
  "en": "A convert of the Khaybar years who became, by far, the most prolific narrator of hadith in the Sunni collections — a fact celebrated by the tradition and debated by scholars.",
  "ar": "ممن أسلم زمن خيبر وصار، بفارق كبير، أكثر رواة الحديث في دواوين السنة — وهي حقيقة يحتفي بها التراث ويناقشها الباحثون. ويعللها هو في الصحيح بقوله «إني كنت ألزم رسول الله بشبع بطني حتى لا آكل الخمير ولا ألبس الحبير» {cite:sahih-al-bukhari 3708}. وعنده في مسلم حديث «أنا سيد ولد آدم يوم القيامة وأول من ينشق عنه القبر وأول شافع وأول مشفع» {cite:sahih-muslim 2278}."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "arabia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era",
  "period/rashidun"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "scripture-and-its-sciences",
  "converts-and-leavers"
 ],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 602.998624201729,
  "latest": 682.0009308883507
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "0603~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "decade",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "Born among the tribe of Daws in the Yemeni highlands; date approximate.",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
   ]
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "0681~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "debated",
   "note": "Reports give 57–59 AH (about 678–681 CE).",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
   ]
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "names": [
   {
    "kind": "full",
    "lang": "ar",
    "value": "عبد الرحمن بن صخر الدوسي"
   }
  ],
  "gender": "male",
  "born": {
   "edtf": "0603~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "decade",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "Born among the tribe of Daws in the Yemeni highlands; date approximate.",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
   ]
  },
  "died": {
   "edtf": "0681~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "debated",
   "note": "Reports give 57–59 AH (about 678–681 CE).",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
   ]
  },
  "roles": [
   "companion",
   "scholar"
  ],
  "traditions": [
   "sunni"
  ],
  "story_roles": [
   {
    "role": "convert",
    "start": {
     "edtf": "0629~"
    },
    "status": "tradition",
    "note": "Arrived at Medina and embraced Islam around the time of Khaybar.",
    "sources": [
     "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
    ]
   },
   {
    "role": "companion",
    "start": {
     "edtf": "0629~"
    },
    "status": "tradition",
    "sources": [
     "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
    ]
   },
   {
    "role": "transmitter",
    "start": {
     "edtf": "0632~"
    },
    "status": "tradition",
    "note": "The single most prolific narrator in the Sunni hadith collections, despite accompanying the Prophet for only about three years.",
    "sources": [
     "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
    ]
   },
   {
    "role": "official",
    "start": {
     "edtf": "0638~"
    },
    "status": "tradition",
    "note": "Served briefly as governor of Bahrayn under Umar.",
    "sources": [
     "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "faith": [
   {
    "value": "sunni",
    "basis": "tradition",
    "note": "Early Muslim; recorded under the museum's Sunni frame (docs/scope.md)."
   }
  ],
  "issue": {
   "ar": "كيف يُقدَّر أبو هريرة ورواياته للحديث؟",
   "en": "How is Abu Hurayra and his transmission of hadith assessed?"
  },
  "perspectives": [
   {
    "tradition": "sunni",
    "id": "sunni",
    "summary": {
     "en": "Sunni tradition venerates Abu Hurayra as the foremost narrator of hadith: a man who devoted himself to memorizing the Prophet's words, with thousands of reports transmitted through him.",
     "ar": "تُجِلّه السنة أعلى الرواة — رجلًا وهب نفسه لحفظ كلام النبي."
    },
    "sources": [
     "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
    ]
   },
   {
    "tradition": "academic",
    "id": "academic",
    "summary": {
     "en": "Historians and hadith critics note that many reports in his name are later attributions; the sheer volume, produced in about three years of companionship, is treated as a phenomenon of the tradition's growth.",
     "ar": "يشير المؤرخون ونقاد الحديث إلى أن كثيرًا من رواياته إسناد متأخر؛ وحجمه الهائل في ثلاث سنين ظاهرة من نمو التراث."
    },
    "sources": [
     "source/watt-1956-medina"
    ]
   },
   {
    "tradition": "shia-twelver",
    "id": "shia-twelver",
    "summary": {
     "en": "Twelver Shia tradition is cautious about Abu Hurayra, accepting his narrations selectively and regarding some as serving later Umayyad interests.",
     "ar": "يتحفظ التراث الإمامي عن أبي هريرة، فيقبل رواياته انتقاءً ويرى بعضها في خدمة مصالح أموية لاحقة."
    },
    "sources": [
     "source/momen-1985"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "sensitivity": "contested",
  "external_ids": {
   "wikidata": "Q69326"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley",
   "source/watt-1956-medina",
   "source/sahih-al-bukhari",
   "source/sahih-muslim",
   "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa",
   "source/assabile-omar-abdelkafy"
  ],
  "education": {
   "did_you_know": {
    "ar": "روى أبو هريرة نحو خمسة آلاف حديث في ثلاث سنين فقط من صحبته.",
    "en": "Abu Hurayra narrated about five thousand hadiths in only three years of companionship.",
    "ur": "ابوہریرہ نے صرف تین سال کی صحبت میں تقریباً پانچ ہزار احادیث بیان کیں۔",
    "sources": [
     "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley",
     "source/sahih-al-bukhari"
    ]
   },
   "levels": [
    "sprouts",
    "explorers",
    "scholars"
   ],
   "flagged_for_kids": true,
   "provenance": {
    "generated_by": "Devin",
    "model": "gemini-2.5-pro",
    "run": "education-E2-batch4",
    "note": "Leveled texts drafted from the record's own summary and prose; draft, pending the founder's review and scholar review of the child levels."
   }
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Devin; 2026-10-11"
  },
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "copyrighted-reference",
   "source": "Earlier content of this record: provenance was not recorded when it was written (see the record's status line). Section added from Assabile, Tafsir Al Quran Al Qareem (pass5-qwen transcripts; engine Qwen3-ASR, oddadmix/qwen3-asr-1.7b-arabic-dialectal-v2)",
   "generated_by": "Claude Code (claude-haiku-5-5)",
   "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
   "run": "omar-abdelkafy-tafsir-1"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "نبذة",
     "markdown": "لم يلازم أبو هريرة النبي إلا نحو ثلاث سنين — ومع ذلك روى أكثر الحديث في دواوين السنة. كيف أنتج رجل واحد آلاف الروايات سؤال ما زال الباحثون يسألونه."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الحياة",
     "markdown": "رجل من قبيلة دوس في جبال اليمن، قدم المدينة فأسلم نحو سنة 629م زمن [[event/battle-of-khaybar|خيبر]] {cite:ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley}. وفيما بقي من سني النبي يصوّره التراث ملازمًا لحافة المسجد — فقيرًا جوعان حافظًا {cite:ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley}.\n\nوبعد سنة 632م صار سيلًا: الروايات عنه في دواوين السنة بالآلاف، في الفقه والعبادات والآخرة وأقوال النبي. ووالى البحرين يومًا عن [[person/umar-ibn-al-khattab|عمر]]، ومات بالمدينة نحو 678–681م {cite:ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الأثر",
     "markdown": "مهما وُزنت الروايات، فإن جزءًا كبيرًا مما تعرفه السنة عن أقوال النبي يصل إلينا من ذاكرة هذا الرجل الواحد."
    },
    {
     "heading": "للزوار الصغار",
     "markdown": "عاش أبو هريرة مع النبي ثلاث سنين فحفظ حتى صار اسمه تحت آلاف الحكايات والأقوال — أكثر من أي شخص آخر."
    },
    {
     "heading": "للبراعم",
     "markdown": "صحابي كريم أحب الحيوانات وكان يرفق بالهرة، وحفظ أحاديث كثيرة عن النبي ليعلمنا الصدق والخير."
    },
    {
     "heading": "للمستكشفين",
     "markdown": "أبو هريرة عبد الرحمن بن صخر الدوسي صحابي جليل اشتُهر بلقب أبي هريرة لهرة صغيرة كان يحملها ويعتني بها برفق. لازم النبي في المسجد النبوي ضمن أهل الصفة، ورزقه الله حفظًا متقنًا وذاكرة قوية، فصار أكثر الصحابة رواية لحديث رسول الله في الأخلاق والعبادات والمعاملات."
    },
    {
     "heading": "للدارسين",
     "markdown": "أبو هريرة عبد الرحمن بن صخر الدوسي (نحو 19 ق.هـ – 57هـ / 603–678م)، صحابي جليل وراوية الإسلام الأول وأكثر الصحابة حفظاً ونقلاً للحديث النبوي الشريف بإجماع أئمة السنة. وفد إلى المدينة المنورة عام خيبر سنة 7هـ مسلماً، وتفرغ لملازمة النبي في المسجد النبوي عائشاً بين أهل الصفة بغير انشغال بتجارة أو زراعة. دعا له النبي بالحفظ فقويت حافظته، وروت عنه دواوين السنة أكثر من خمسة آلاف حديث في العقائد والعبادات والمعاملات والآداب، وتتلمذ عليه مئات التابعين من قضاة وفقهاء الأمصار."
    },
    {
     "heading": "أبو هريرة في درس الشيخ عمر عبد الكافي (الحلقة الثالثة)",
     "markdown": "يروي الشيخ أن رجلا سأل أبا هريرة عن المدة بين النفختين، فذكر أبو هريرة عددا ثم تراجع، وأن ذلك كان من أدب الرجل في السؤال (needs_source). {cite:assabile-omar-abdelkafy tafsir-al-quran-al-qareem/ep03 00:24:30} {cite:assabile-omar-abdelkafy tafsir-al-quran-al-qareem/ep03 00:25:00}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "من درس الشيخ عمر عبد الكافي: الدين القيم",
     "markdown": "يرى الشيخ، رأيًا شخصيًا، أن المساءلة تضعف إذا تهيّب الناس محاسبة المسؤول، ويذكر في ذلك قصة عن أبي هريرة، وقد كان معيّنًا على البحرين، ورُمي بالتجارة {cite:assabile-omar-abdelkafy al-dinu-al-qayem/ep05 00:17:00}.\n\nيذكر الشيخ أن عمر تحقق من الأمر فتبيّن أن التجارة كانت بعيدة عن الإمارة، فلما ثبتت براءته طلب أبو هريرة أن يُعفى، فقال له عمر: عُد إلى عملك (partly unclear) {cite:assabile-omar-abdelkafy al-dinu-al-qayem/ep05 00:17:30}.\n\nيرى الشيخ، رأيًا شخصيًا، أن الصحابة لم يتنافسوا على مقاعد السلطة، وأن هذه الأخلاق من ثمرة لا إله إلا الله، ويذكر أبا هريرة في هذا السياق {cite:assabile-omar-abdelkafy al-dinu-al-qayem/ep05 00:18:30}.\n\nيقارن الشيخ بين موقف عمر وموقف أبي هريرة من الولاية، ويعدّهما موقفين متضادين {cite:assabile-omar-abdelkafy al-dinu-al-qayem/ep05 00:25:30}، ويقول إن هذه الأخلاق أثمرت لأن شجرة الله غُرست في القلب {cite:assabile-omar-abdelkafy al-dinu-al-qayem/ep05 00:29:30}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/abu-hurayra",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "en",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-25"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "Abu Hurayra kept company with the Prophet for only about three years, yet he narrated more of the hadith than anyone in the Sunni collections. How one man produced thousands of reports is a question scholars still ask."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Life",
     "markdown": "A man of the tribe of Daws in the Yemeni highlands, he came to Medina and embraced Islam about 629 CE, around the time of [[event/battle-of-khaybar|Khaybar]] {cite:ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley}. For the rest of the Prophet's life, the tradition pictures him at the edge of the mosque: poor, often hungry, and committing things to memory {cite:ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley}.\n\nAfter 632 CE he became a flood: reports from him fill the Sunni collections, on law, worship, the afterlife and the Prophet's sayings. He governed Bahrayn for a time on behalf of [[person/umar-ibn-al-khattab|Umar]], and died in Medina about 678–681 CE {cite:ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Legacy",
     "markdown": "However the reports are weighed, a large part of what the Sunni tradition knows of the Prophet's sayings reaches us through this one man's memory."
    },
    {
     "heading": "For young visitors",
     "markdown": "Abu Hurayra lived with the Prophet for three years and remembered so much that his name stands beneath thousands of stories and sayings, more than anyone else's."
    },
    {
     "heading": "For Sprouts",
     "markdown": "A kind companion who loved animals and was gentle with a kitten, memorizing many traditions of the Prophet to teach us truth."
    },
    {
     "heading": "For Explorers",
     "markdown": "Abu Hurayra was a devoted companion known by his moniker for a small kitten he gently cared for. Living among the Ahl al-Suffa in the Prophet's Mosque, God gifted him an exceptional memory, making him the most prolific narrator of prophetic traditions regarding morals, worship, and daily life."
    },
    {
     "heading": "For Scholars",
     "markdown": "Abu Hurayra (c. 19 BH – 57 AH / 603–678 CE), the foremost narrator of Hadith in classical Sunni tradition. Embracing Islam and arriving in Medina from Yemen during the expedition of Khaybar in 7 AH, he dedicated himself to constant companionship with the Prophet as a member of the Ahl al-Suffa in the Prophet's Mosque, unencumbered by trade or farming. Blessed by the Prophet's prayer for an enduring memory, his transmissions in canonical Hadith collections exceed five thousand narrations covering theology, ethics, and ritual jurisprudence, transmitted through hundreds of disciples."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Abu Hurayra in Sheikh Omar Abdelkafy's lessons (episode 3)",
     "markdown": "The Sheikh relates that a man asked Abu Hurayra about the interval between the two blasts; Abu Hurayra gave a figure and then drew back, and the telling is broken off (needs_source). {cite:assabile-omar-abdelkafy tafsir-al-quran-al-qareem/ep03 00:24:30} {cite:assabile-omar-abdelkafy tafsir-al-quran-al-qareem/ep03 00:25:00}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "From Sheikh Omar Abdelkafy's lecture series Al Dinu Al Qayem",
     "markdown": "Sheikh Omar Abdelkafy holds, as his own opinion, that accountability weakens when people hesitate to scrutinise officials, and he tells of Abu Hurayra, who was placed over Bahrain and was charged with trade {cite:assabile-omar-abdelkafy al-dinu-al-qayem/ep05 00:17:00}.\n\nHe says Umar checked the matter and found the trade was far from his office. When Abu Hurayra's innocence was established, Abu Hurayra asked to be relieved, and Umar told him to return to his work (partly unclear) {cite:assabile-omar-abdelkafy al-dinu-al-qayem/ep05 00:17:30}.\n\nSheikh Omar Abdelkafy holds, as his own opinion, that the Companions did not compete for seats of power, and that such ethics come from \"la ilaha illa Allah\"; he mentions Abu Hurayra in this context {cite:assabile-omar-abdelkafy al-dinu-al-qayem/ep05 00:18:30}.\n\nHe sets the responses of Umar and Abu Hurayra to office against each other as opposite attitudes {cite:assabile-omar-abdelkafy al-dinu-al-qayem/ep05 00:25:30}, and says these ethics bore fruit because God's tree was planted in the heart {cite:assabile-omar-abdelkafy al-dinu-al-qayem/ep05 00:29:30}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/abu-hurayra",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-25"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "نبذہ",
     "markdown": "ابو ہریرہ نبی کے ساتھ صرف تین سال کے قریب رہے، اس کے باوجود انہوں نے سنت کے مجموعوں میں سب سے زیادہ حدیث روایت کی۔ ایک شخص نے ہزاروں روایات کیسے بیان کیں، یہ سوال محققین آج تک پوچھتے ہیں۔"
    },
    {
     "heading": "زندگی",
     "markdown": "وہ یمن کے پہاڑوں میں قبیلہ دوس کے ایک شخص تھے۔ وہ مدینہ آئے اور [[event/battle-of-khaybar|خیبر]] کے زمانے، تقریباً سنہ 629ء میں اسلام لائے {cite:ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley}. نبی کی باقی زندگی میں روایت انہیں مسجد کے کنارے رہنے والا، غریب، بھوکا اور حافظ کے طور پر پیش کرتی ہے {cite:ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley}.\n\nسنہ 632ء کے بعد ان کی روایات کا سیلاب آ گیا: سنت کے مجموعوں میں ان سے ہزاروں روایات ہیں، فقہ، عبادات، آخرت اور نبی کے اقوال میں۔ انہوں نے ایک دن [[person/umar-ibn-al-khattab|عمر]] کی طرف سے بحرین کی ولایت سنبھالی، اور وہ مدینہ میں تقریباً 678 تا 681ء کے درمیان فوت ہوئے {cite:ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "اثر",
     "markdown": "روایات کے وزن جو بھی ہو، سنت میں نبی کے اقوال کے بارے میں جو کچھ ہم جانتے ہیں اس کا بڑا حصہ اسی ایک شخص کی یادداشت سے ہم تک پہنچا ہے۔"
    },
    {
     "heading": "چھوٹے قارئین کے لیے",
     "markdown": "ابو ہریرہ تین سال نبی کے ساتھ رہے، پھر انہوں نے اتنا حفظ کیا کہ ان کا نام ہزاروں قصوں اور اقوال کے ساتھ جڑ گیا، جو کسی بھی دوسرے شخص سے زیادہ ہیں۔"
    },
    {
     "heading": "کونپلوں کے لیے",
     "markdown": "ایک مہربان صحابی جو جانوروں سے پیار کرتے تھے اور بلی پر شفقت فرماتے تھے، اور انہوں نے نبی کے بہت سے ارشادات یاد کیے۔"
    },
    {
     "heading": "مہم جوؤں کے لیے",
     "markdown": "ابو ہریرہ ایک مخلص صحابی تھے جنہیں ایک چھوٹی بلی کی پیار سے دیکھ بھال کرنے کی وجہ سے 'ابو ہریرہ' کا لقب ملا۔ وہ مسجد نبوی میں اصحابِ صفہ کے ساتھ رہے، اور اللہ نے انہیں غیر معمولی یادداشت عطا کی، جس سے وہ اخلاق اور عبادات پر نبی کے ارشادات کے سب سے بڑے راوی بنے۔"
    },
    {
     "heading": "طالبِ علم کے لیے",
     "markdown": "ابو ہریرہ عبد الرحمن بن صخر الدوسی (تقریباً 19 قبل ہجرت – 57 ہجری / 603–678 عیسوی) اہل سنت کے ہاں حدیثِ نبوی کے سب سے بڑے راوی مانے جاتے ہیں۔ 7 ہجری میں خیبر کے موقع پر یمن سے آ کر اسلام قبول کیا اور مسجد نبوی میں اصحابِ صفہ کے ساتھ رہ کر خود کو نبی کی صحبت کے لیے وقف کیا۔ نبی کی دعا کی برکت سے غیر معمولی حافظہ پایا اور احادیث کے ذخیرے میں ان سے پانچ ہزار سے زائد روایات مروی ہیں جو اخلاق، عبادات اور معاملات کی جامع رہنمائی فراہم کرتی ہیں۔"
    },
    {
     "heading": "شیخ عمر عبدالکافی کے درسوں میں ابو ہریرہ (قسط تین)",
     "markdown": "شیخ بیان کرتے ہیں کہ ایک شخص نے ابو ہریرہ سے دو پھونکوں کے درمیان مدت پوچھی، تو انہوں نے ایک عدد بیان کیا پھر رک گئے، اور بیان ٹوٹ جاتا ہے (needs_source)۔ {cite:assabile-omar-abdelkafy tafsir-al-quran-al-qareem/ep03 00:24:30} {cite:assabile-omar-abdelkafy tafsir-al-quran-al-qareem/ep03 00:25:00}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "شیخ عمر عبدالکافی کے درس سے: الدین القیم",
     "markdown": "شیخ عمر عبدالکافی کے نزدیک (ان کی ذاتی رائے) جب لوگ ذمہ داروں کا احتساب کرنے سے جھجکتے ہیں تو جوابدہی کمزور پڑ جاتی ہے، اور وہ اس ضمن میں ابوہریرہ کا واقعہ بیان کرتے ہیں، جو بحرین پر مقرر تھے اور ان پر تجارت کا الزام لگایا گیا {cite:assabile-omar-abdelkafy al-dinu-al-qayem/ep05 00:17:00}۔\n\nوہ بیان کرتے ہیں کہ عمر نے معاملے کی تحقیق کی تو معلوم ہوا کہ تجارت منصب سے بالکل الگ تھی۔ ابوہریرہ کی بے گناہی ثابت ہونے کے بعد انہوں نے منصب سے سبکدوش ہونے کی درخواست کی، تو عمر نے کہا: اپنے کام پر لوٹ جاؤ (partly unclear) {cite:assabile-omar-abdelkafy al-dinu-al-qayem/ep05 00:17:30}۔\n\nشیخ کے نزدیک (ان کی ذاتی رائے) صحابہ اقتدار کی کرسیوں پر جھگڑا نہیں کرتے تھے، اور ایسے اخلاق «لا إله إلا الله» کی برکت سے آتے ہیں؛ اس سیاق میں وہ ابوہریرہ کا ذکر کرتے ہیں {cite:assabile-omar-abdelkafy al-dinu-al-qayem/ep05 00:18:30}۔\n\nوہ عمر اور ابوہریرہ کے عہدے کے بارے میں رویوں کو ایک دوسرے کے متضاد قرار دیتے ہیں {cite:assabile-omar-abdelkafy al-dinu-al-qayem/ep05 00:25:30}، اور کہتے ہیں کہ یہ اخلاق اس لیے پھلے کہ دل میں اللہ کا درخت لگایا گیا تھا {cite:assabile-omar-abdelkafy al-dinu-al-qayem/ep05 00:29:30}۔"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/abu-hurayra",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-25"
  }
 },
 "degree": 576,
 "contemporaries": [
  "person/asma-bint-abi-bakr",
  "person/halima-al-sadiyya",
  "person/zirr-ibn-hubaysh",
  "person/umm-salama",
  "person/saad-ibn-abi-waqqas",
  "person/sad-ibn-malik-al-khudri",
  "person/aisha",
  "person/abdullah-ibn-abbas",
  "person/hafsa",
  "person/abdullah-ibn-salam",
  "person/amr-ibn-al-as",
  "person/safiyya-bint-huyayy"
 ],
 "updated": "2026-10-25",
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  },
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 "related": [
  "person/muhammad",
  "person/malik-ibn-anas",
  "passage/muwatta-kitab-01-salat",
  "person/abu-al-zinad",
  "practice/salah",
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  "person/abd-al-rahman-ibn-hormoz-al-araj",
  "person/muhammad-ibn-shihab-al-zuhri"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}