{
 "id": "person/clara-muhammad",
 "class": "person",
 "slug": "clara-muhammad",
 "label": {
  "ar": "كلارا محمد",
  "en": "Clara Muhammad",
  "ur": "کلارا محمد"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "قيادية أمريكية في «أمة الإسلام» (1899–1972)، زوجة زعيمها إلايجا محمد، عرّفته بتعاليم مؤسس الحركة دبليو. دي. فارد، وقادت المنظمة أثناء غياب زوجها بين 1935 و1946، وساعدت في إنشاء مدارس «جامعة الإسلام» التي سُمّيت لاحقًا باسمها.",
  "en": "American leader in the Nation of Islam (1899–1972), wife of its leader Elijah Muhammad. She introduced her husband to the teachings of the movement's founder W. D. Fard, guided the organisation during her husband's absence from 1935 to 1946, and helped establish the University of Islam schools, later renamed in her honour.",
  "ur": "نیشن آف اسلام کی امریکی رہنما (1899–1972)، اس کے رہنما ایلیاہ محمد کی اہلیہ۔ انہوں نے اپنے شوہر کو تحریک کے بانی ڈبلیو ڈی فارڈ کی تعلیمات سے متعارف کرایا، 1935 سے 1946 تک اپنے شوہر کی غیر موجودگی میں تنظیم کی رہنمائی کی، اور یونیورسٹی آف اسلام اسکولوں کے قیام میں مدد کی، جن کا نام بعد میں ان کے اعزاز میں رکھا گیا۔"
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "americas-oceania"
 ],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 1899.8356571319055,
  "latest": 1972.6147011916423
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "1899-11-02",
   "hijri": "1317",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "historical",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "The English article and Wikidata give 2 November 1899, born in Macon, Georgia. There is no place entity for Macon, so no born_in edge is written. Hijri year 1317 derived from the Gregorian date; the Arabic article's categories likewise file her under births of 1317 AH.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en",
    "source/wikipedia-clara-muhammad-ar",
    "source/wikidata-clara-muhammad"
   ]
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "1972-08-12",
   "hijri": "1392",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "historical",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "The English article gives 12 August 1972, after a long illness with stomach cancer, and burial at Mount Glenwood Memory Gardens South in Glenwood, Illinois; Wikidata gives the place of death as Chicago (Q1297). There is no place entity for Chicago or Glenwood, so no died_in edge is written. Hijri year 1392 derived from the Gregorian date; the Arabic article's categories likewise file her under deaths of 1392 AH.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en",
    "source/wikidata-clara-muhammad"
   ]
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "names": [
   {
    "value": "Clara Muhammad",
    "kind": "full"
   },
   {
    "value": "كلارا محمد",
    "kind": "full"
   },
   {
    "value": "Clara Evans",
    "kind": "alternate"
   },
   {
    "value": "Clara Poole",
    "kind": "alternate"
   }
  ],
  "born": {
   "edtf": "1899-11-02",
   "hijri": "1317",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "historical",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "The English article and Wikidata give 2 November 1899, born in Macon, Georgia. There is no place entity for Macon, so no born_in edge is written. Hijri year 1317 derived from the Gregorian date; the Arabic article's categories likewise file her under births of 1317 AH.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en",
    "source/wikipedia-clara-muhammad-ar",
    "source/wikidata-clara-muhammad"
   ]
  },
  "died": {
   "edtf": "1972-08-12",
   "hijri": "1392",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "historical",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "The English article gives 12 August 1972, after a long illness with stomach cancer, and burial at Mount Glenwood Memory Gardens South in Glenwood, Illinois; Wikidata gives the place of death as Chicago (Q1297). There is no place entity for Chicago or Glenwood, so no died_in edge is written. Hijri year 1392 derived from the Gregorian date; the Arabic article's categories likewise file her under deaths of 1392 AH.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en",
    "source/wikidata-clara-muhammad"
   ]
  },
  "gender": "female",
  "roles": [
   "founder",
   "educator"
  ],
  "faith": [
   {
    "value": "unknown",
    "basis": "unknown",
    "note": "No source names a school for Clara Muhammad herself. The articles describe her membership and leadership in the Nation of Islam, the movement her husband led; that affiliation is her husband's movement and is background, not an attestation of a school for her. Wikidata's only religion value is Islam (Q432), generic. A generic attestation and an organisational affiliation never suffice.",
    "sources": [
     "source/wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en",
     "source/wikipedia-clara-muhammad-ar",
     "source/wikidata-clara-muhammad"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "external_ids": {
   "wikidata": "Q5126028"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en",
   "source/wikipedia-clara-muhammad-ar",
   "source/wikipedia-clara-muhammad-ur",
   "source/wikidata-clara-muhammad"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "Wikipedia (EN/AR/UR) and Wikidata Q5126028, consulted directly 26 Oct 2026",
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)",
   "run": "century-additions-32"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "published",
   "completeness": 3,
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "وُلدت كلارا محمد في ميسون بولاية جورجيا في 2 نوفمبر 1899 باسم كلارا إيفانز، وعُرفت أيضًا باسم كلارا بول.{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}{cite:wikidata-clara-muhammad}\nتزوّجت كلارا إلايجا بول في جورجيا سنة 1917، قبل أن يغيّر اسمه إلى إلايجا محمد ويصبح زعيم «أمة الإسلام»، وأنجبا بين 1917 و1939 ثمانية أبناء منهم وارث الدين محمد.{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-ar}\nعُرفت كلارا بلقب «السيدة الأولى لأمة الإسلام»، ويعود إليها فضل تعريف زوجها بتعاليم مؤسس الحركة دبليو. دي. فارد.{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-ar}\nتوفيت كلارا في 12 أغسطس 1972 بعد صراع طويل مع سرطان المعدة، ودُفنت في مقبرة ماونت غلينوود التذكارية الجنوبية بولاية إلينوي.{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "المسيرة",
     "markdown": "انتقلت كلارا مع زوجها من جورجيا إلى ديترويت وسط صعوبات مالية وتمييز عنصري، وهناك تعرّفت إلى تعاليم فارد ونقلتها إلى زوجها.{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-ur}\nقادت كلارا المنظمة بنفسها أثناء غياب زوجها الطويل بين 1935 و1946، حين كان فارًّا من تهديدات بالقتل ثم مسجونًا بتهمة التحريض أثناء الحرب العالمية الثانية.{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-ar}\nساعدت كلارا في إنشاء مدارس «جامعة الإسلام» التابعة للحركة وإدارتها، وأسهمت في بناء مؤسسات الجماعة التعليمية.{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}\nبعد وفاتها أعاد ابنها وارث الدين محمد تسمية مدارس «جامعة الإسلام» باسم «مدارس الأخت كلارا محمد» تكريمًا لها.{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "الأعمال",
     "markdown": "يقترن اسم كلارا بمدرستين من إرثها المباشر: مدارس «جامعة الإسلام» التي شاركت في تأسيسها، وشبكة «مدارس الأخت كلارا محمد» التي حملت اسمها بعد وفاتها في مدن أمريكية عدة.{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}\nنسب المؤرخون الذين تستشهد بهم المقالات إلى كلارا دورًا تأسيسيًا في الحركة نفسها، باعتبارها من عرّف زعيمها المؤسس على تعاليم فارد.{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-ar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "المواقف والنقد",
     "markdown": "يعرض هذا القسم المواقف المختلفة كما وردت في المصادر، وهو ليس حكمًا من المتحف.\nتصف المصادر كلارا قياديةً في «أمة الإسلام»، وهي الحركة التي قادها زوجها، غير أنها لا تسمّي مذهبًا لكلارا نفسها، ولذلك سُجّل مذهبها في بيانات المتحف «غير معروف»؛ فالانتماء إلى حركة الزوج خلفية وليس شهادة على مذهبها.{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}{cite:wikidata-clara-muhammad}\nتختلف التقديرات التاريخية لحجم دور كلارا في تأسيس الحركة وقيادتها، غير أن المقالات تجمع على مركزية دورها في سنوات الغياب الطويل لزوجها وفي بناء مدارس الحركة.{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-ar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "المراجع",
     "markdown": "- كلارا محمد — ويكيبيديا الإنجليزية{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}\n- كلارا محمد — ويكيبيديا العربية{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-ar}\n- کلارا محمد — ويكيبيديا الأردية{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-ur}\n- كلارا محمد — ويكيبيانات Q5126028{cite:wikidata-clara-muhammad}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/clara-muhammad",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-26"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "Clara Muhammad was born in Macon, Georgia on 2 November 1899 as Clara Evans, and was also known as Clara Poole.{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}{cite:wikidata-clara-muhammad}\nShe married Elijah Poole in Georgia in 1917, before he changed his name to Elijah Muhammad and became leader of the Nation of Islam; between 1917 and 1939 they had eight children, among them Warith Deen Mohammed.{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-ar}\nClara was known as the First Lady of the Nation of Islam, and is credited with introducing her husband to the teachings of the movement's founder W. D. Fard.{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-ar}\nShe died on 12 August 1972 after a long illness with stomach cancer, and was buried at Mount Glenwood Memory Gardens South in Illinois.{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Career",
     "markdown": "Clara moved with her husband from Georgia to Detroit amid financial hardship and racial prejudice, and there she encountered Fard's teachings and brought them to her husband.{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-ur}\nClara guided the organisation herself during her husband's long absence from 1935 to 1946, while he was fleeing death threats and then imprisoned for sedition during the Second World War.{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-ar}\nShe helped establish and run the movement's University of Islam schools and contributed to building the community's educational institutions.{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}\nAfter her death her son Warith Deen Mohammed renamed the University of Islam schools the Sister Clara Muhammad Schools in her honour.{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Works",
     "markdown": "Two school legacies carry Clara's name directly: the University of Islam schools she helped found, and the Sister Clara Muhammad School network that bore her name after her death in several American cities.{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}\nThe historians cited in the articles credit Clara with a founding role in the movement itself, as the one who brought its founder's teachings to its leader.{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-ar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Positions and criticism",
     "markdown": "This section sets out different positions as reported in the sources. It is not a verdict by the museum.\nThe sources describe Clara as a leader in the Nation of Islam, the movement her husband led, but name no school for Clara herself; her school is therefore recorded in the museum's data as unknown, since membership in a spouse's movement is background, not an attestation of her own school.{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}{cite:wikidata-clara-muhammad}\nHistorical estimates of the size of Clara's role in founding and leading the movement differ, but the articles agree on the centrality of her role during her husband's long absence and in building the movement's schools.{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-ar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "References",
     "markdown": "- Clara Muhammad — English Wikipedia{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}\n- Clara Muhammad — Arabic Wikipedia{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-ar}\n- Clara Muhammad — Urdu Wikipedia{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-ur}\n- Clara Muhammad — Wikidata Q5126028{cite:wikidata-clara-muhammad}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/clara-muhammad",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-26"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "خلاصہ",
     "markdown": "کلارا محمد 2 نومبر 1899 کو میکون، جارجیا میں کلارا ایونز کے نام سے پیدا ہوئیں اور کلارا پول کے نام سے بھی جانی جاتی تھیں۔{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}{cite:wikidata-clara-muhammad}\nانہوں نے 1917 میں جارجیا میں ایلیاہ پول سے شادی کی، جو بعد میں ایلیاہ محمد کے نام سے نیشن آف اسلام کے رہنما بنے؛ ان کے آٹھ بچے ہوئے جن میں وریتھ دین محمد بھی شامل ہیں۔{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-ur}{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}\nنیشن آف اسلام کی خاتون اول کے طور پر مشہور کلارا کو اپنے شوہر کو بانی ڈبلیو ڈی فارڈ کی تعلیمات سے متعارف کرانے کا سہرا دیا جاتا ہے۔{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-ur}\nوہ 12 اگست 1972 کو معدے کے کینسر سے وفات پا گئیں۔{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "زندگی و کیریئر",
     "markdown": "کلارا اپنے شوہر کے ساتھ جارجیا سے ڈیٹرائٹ منتقل ہوئیں، جہاں انہوں نے فارڈ کی تعلیمات سنیں اور اپنے شوہر تک پہنچائیں۔{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-ur}{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}\nانہوں نے 1935 سے 1946 تک اپنے شوہر کی طویل غیر موجودگی میں تنظیم کی خود رہنمائی کی۔{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-ar}\nانہوں نے یونیورسٹی آف اسلام اسکولوں کے قیام اور انتظام میں مدد کی، جن کا نام ان کی وفات کے بعد ان کے بیٹے نے سسٹر کلارا محمد اسکول رکھا۔{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "کام",
     "markdown": "کلارا کا نام دو تعلیمی ورثوں سے جڑا ہے: یونیورسٹی آف اسلام اسکول جن کے قیام میں انہوں نے حصہ لیا، اور سسٹر کلارا محمد اسکولوں کا نیٹ ورک جو ان کے نام پر قائم ہوا۔{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "مآخذ",
     "markdown": "- کلارا محمد — انگریزی وکیپیڈیا{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-en}\n- كلارا محمد — عربی وکیپیڈیا{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-ar}\n- کلارا محمد — اردو وکیپیڈیا{cite:wikipedia-clara-muhammad-ur}\n- کلارا محمد — وکی ڈیٹا Q5126028{cite:wikidata-clara-muhammad}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/clara-muhammad",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-26"
  }
 },
 "degree": 2,
 "contemporaries": [
  "person/abdul-hai-arifi",
  "person/abdul-hamid-khan-bhashani",
  "person/abdul-majid-daryabadi",
  "person/abdul-majid-sindhi",
  "person/abdullah-musawi-shirazi",
  "person/abdur-rahman-chughtai",
  "person/al-jundi-ali-al-sayyid",
  "person/al-tahir-al-khamiri",
  "person/alauddin-khan",
  "person/amin-al-husseini",
  "person/berdi-kerbabayev",
  "person/chaudhry-khaliquzzaman"
 ],
 "updated": "2026-10-26",
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/warith-deen-mohammed",
   "type": "parent_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-warith-deen-mohammed-en",
    "source/wikidata-warith-deen-mohammed"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "person/warith-deen-mohammed"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}