{
 "id": "person/enayet-khan",
 "class": "person",
 "slug": "enayet-khan",
 "label": {
  "ar": "عنايت خان",
  "en": "Enayet Khan",
  "ur": "عنایت خان"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "عازف سيتار وسربهار هندي (1894–1938)، وُلد في المقاطعات الشمالية الغربية لأسرة موسيقية، وهو ابن إمداد خان مؤسس غرانة إمدادخاني (إيتاواه). استقر في كلكتا وطوّر أسلوب الغاياكي في العزف على السيتار وثبّت مقاسات الآلة وأضاف إليها القرعة الرنانة العليا، وتوفي شابا عن 43 عاما؛ وابناه ولايت خان وإمرات خان من أشهر عازفي جيلهما.",
  "en": "Indian sitar and surbahar player (1894–1938), born in the North-Western Provinces to a family of musicians, son of Imdad Khan, founder of the Imdadkhani (Etawah) gharana. Settled at Calcutta, he developed the gayaki ang in sitar playing, standardised the instrument's dimensions and added the upper resonator gourd; he died at 43, and his sons Vilayat Khan and Imrat Khan became leading players of their generation.",
  "ur": "ہندوستانی ستار و سر بہار نواز (1894ء–1938ء)، شمال مغربی صوبوں میں ایک موسیقار گھرانے میں پیدا ہوئے؛ وہ امداد خانی (اٹاوہ) گھرانے کے بانی امداد خان کے بیٹے تھے۔ کلکتہ میں سکونت اختیار کی، ستار میں گائیکی انگ کو ترقی دی، ساز کے پیمانے متعین کیے اور بالائی گونج والا کدّو شامل کیا؛ 43 برس کی عمر میں وفات پائی، اور ان کے بیٹے ولایت خان اور امرت خان اپنے عہد کے بڑے نواز ہوئے۔"
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "south-asia"
 ],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 1894.001177300013,
  "latest": 1938.9986789598374
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "1894",
   "hijri": "1311",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "debated",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "The English article's infobox and text give 1894, in the North-Western Provinces of British India, into a family of musicians; Wikidata gives 1895 at year precision. The record follows the article with the split stated. The Hijri year (1311) is a conversion. No place entity exists for his birthplace, so no born_in edge is written.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-enayat-khan-en",
    "source/wikidata-enayat-khan"
   ]
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "1938",
   "hijri": "1357",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "historical",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "The English article and Wikidata agree: died in 1938, the article placing his death at Calcutta at the age of 43. The Hijri year (1357) is a conversion. No place entity exists for Calcutta, so no died_in edge is written.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-enayat-khan-en",
    "source/wikidata-enayat-khan"
   ]
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "names": [
   {
    "value": "عنايت خان",
    "kind": "full"
   },
   {
    "value": "Enayet Khan",
    "kind": "full"
   },
   {
    "value": "عنایت خان",
    "kind": "full"
   },
   {
    "value": "Enayat Khan",
    "kind": "alternate"
   },
   {
    "value": "Inayat Khan",
    "kind": "alternate"
   },
   {
    "value": "Nath Singh",
    "kind": "alternate"
   },
   {
    "value": "Ustad Enayet Khan",
    "kind": "alternate"
   }
  ],
  "gender": "male",
  "roles": [
   "musician"
  ],
  "born": {
   "edtf": "1894",
   "hijri": "1311",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "debated",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "The English article's infobox and text give 1894, in the North-Western Provinces of British India, into a family of musicians; Wikidata gives 1895 at year precision. The record follows the article with the split stated. The Hijri year (1311) is a conversion. No place entity exists for his birthplace, so no born_in edge is written.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-enayat-khan-en",
    "source/wikidata-enayat-khan"
   ]
  },
  "died": {
   "edtf": "1938",
   "hijri": "1357",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "historical",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "The English article and Wikidata agree: died in 1938, the article placing his death at Calcutta at the age of 43. The Hijri year (1357) is a conversion. No place entity exists for Calcutta, so no died_in edge is written.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-enayat-khan-en",
    "source/wikidata-enayat-khan"
   ]
  },
  "faith": [
   {
    "value": "unknown",
    "basis": "unknown",
    "note": "The structured-only configuration. The English article's text states no religion for him at all — it gives his musician family, his father Imdad Khan's teaching and the Etawah gharana tradition. Wikidata carries a single religion value, Islam, and a single structured value never counts as an attestation; his family's gharana lineage and his marriage name no school either. Under the two-source rule the value stays unknown, with the structured value recorded here.",
    "sources": [
     "source/wikipedia-enayat-khan-en",
     "source/wikidata-enayat-khan"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "external_ids": {
   "wikidata": "Q5375263"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/wikipedia-enayat-khan-en",
   "source/wikidata-enayat-khan"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "English Wikipedia 'Enayat Khan' (revision 1380758114 of 17 October 2026) and Wikidata Q5375263 (item revision 2554540237 of 7 October 2026), each fetched by its recorded revision and checked against it, read on 26 October 2026. The slug follows the queue's spelling Enayet; the article's spelling is Enayat, and the ITC Sangeet Research Academy tribute the article cites spells Inayat — all three are carried in the names. Existence was checked by filename fragments under all spellings (enayet, enayat, inayat), by Arabic label, by biography and by the Wikidata route (Q5375263) across data/person/ — no earlier record exists; hazrat-inayat-khan is the Sufi teacher Hazrat Inayat Khan, a different man, though the two records SHARE the exact Arabic label 'عنايت خان' — flagged for the committer's data/_homonyms.yaml entry, which this writer does not edit. No Urdu or Arabic Wikipedia article exists for him; the Arabic and Urdu prose are written from the English source and say so. No relations are written: his father Imdad Khan and his sons Vilayat Khan and Imrat Khan have no person records — the only Vilayat record on main is person/vilayat-inayat-khan, the Sufi teacher's son, a different man from the sitarist — and there is no group entity for the Imdadkhani gharana.",
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)",
   "run": "century-additions-75"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "published",
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "النشأة",
     "markdown": "وُلد سنة 1894 في المقاطعات الشمالية الغربية من الهند البريطانية في أسرة موسيقية؛ ويجعل ويكيداتا سنة ميلاده 1895، ويُثبت السجل الاختلاف.{cite:wikipedia-enayat-khan-en}{cite:wikidata-enayat-khan} وكان والده أستاذ السيتار الكبير إمداد خان، الذي علّمه السيتار والسربهار (سيتار الباص) على أسلوب الأسرة المعروف بغرانة إمدادخاني أو إيتاواه، باسم قرية إيتاواه قرب أغرا.{cite:wikipedia-enayat-khan-en} وتزوج بشيران بيغوم، ابنة مغنّي الخيال بانده حسين.{cite:wikipedia-enayat-khan-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "المسيرة",
     "markdown": "استقر مع أسرته في كلكتا، وهناك — رغم أنه لم يعش إلا 43 عاما — أنجز عملا رائدا كثيرا في السيتار: طوّر أسلوب الغاياكي الذي علّمه إياه والده، وثبّت أبعاد الآلة المادية، وأضاف إليها القرعة الرنانة العليا الشائعة لدى عازفي اليوم، وإن لم يستعملها أحفاده أنفسهم.{cite:wikipedia-enayat-khan-en} وفي مدينة كانت تتحول سريعا إلى مركز مهم للفنون، وفي زمن أشعل فيه كفاح الاستقلال الاهتمام بالثقافة الوطنية، أخرج موسيقى السيتار من دوائر الخواص الضيقة إلى جماهير جديدة واسعة؛ وكان رابندراناث طاغور متعاونا موسيقيا معه وصديقا شخصيا.{cite:wikipedia-enayat-khan-en} وقد أُعيد إصدار بعض تسجيلاته على أقراص مدمجة في مجموعة «الغرانات الكبرى: إمدادخاني» من سلسلة آر بي جي/إي إم آي.{cite:wikipedia-enayat-khan-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "الوفاة والأثر",
     "markdown": "توفي عنايت خان شابا عن 43 عاما سنة 1938 في كلكتا تاركا أربعة أطفال.{cite:wikipedia-enayat-khan-en} وتلقّى ابناه، عازف السيتار ولايت خان (1928–2004) وإمرات خان، تدريبهما على أسلوب إمدادخاني على أيدي أفراد آخرين من الأسرة الممتدة — ولايت على السيتار وإمرات على السربهار — وصار كلاهما موسيقيا كلاسيكيا شهيرا جدا.{cite:wikipedia-enayat-khan-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "المراجع",
     "markdown": "- {cite:wikipedia-enayat-khan-en}\n- {cite:wikidata-enayat-khan}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/enayet-khan",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-26"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Early life",
     "markdown": "He was born in 1894 in the North-Western Provinces of British India into a family of musicians; Wikidata gives his birth year as 1895, and the record states the split.{cite:wikipedia-enayat-khan-en}{cite:wikidata-enayat-khan} His father was the great sitar maestro Imdad Khan, who taught him the sitar and the surbahar (bass sitar) in the family style known as the Imdadkhani or Etawah gharana, named after the village of Etawah near Agra.{cite:wikipedia-enayat-khan-en} He married Bashiran Begum, daughter of the khyal singer Bande Hussain.{cite:wikipedia-enayat-khan-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Career",
     "markdown": "He settled with his family in Calcutta, where, though he lived only to 43, he did much pioneering work on the sitar: he developed further the gayaki ang his father had taught him, standardised the instrument's physical dimensions and added the upper resonator gourd that is popular with today's players, though his own descendants have not used it.{cite:wikipedia-enayat-khan-en} In a city fast becoming an important centre of the arts, at a time when the independence struggle had fired interest in national culture, he brought sitar music out of narrow connoisseur circles to new mass audiences; Rabindranath Tagore was a musical collaborator and personal friend.{cite:wikipedia-enayat-khan-en} Some of his recordings have been reissued on CD in the *Great Gharanas: Imdadkhani* compilation of RPG/EMI's Chairman's Choice series.{cite:wikipedia-enayat-khan-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Death and legacy",
     "markdown": "Enayat Khan died young, at 43, in 1938 at Calcutta, leaving four children.{cite:wikipedia-enayat-khan-en} His two sons, the sitar player Vilayat Khan (1928–2004) and Imrat Khan, were trained in the Imdadkhani style by other members of the extended family — Vilayat on sitar and Imrat on surbahar — and both became very famous classical musicians.{cite:wikipedia-enayat-khan-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Sources",
     "markdown": "- {cite:wikipedia-enayat-khan-en}\n- {cite:wikidata-enayat-khan}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/enayet-khan",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-26"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "ابتدائی زندگی",
     "markdown": "وہ 1894ء میں برطانوی ہند کے شمال مغربی صوبوں میں ایک موسیقار گھرانے میں پیدا ہوئے؛ ویکی ڈیٹا ان کا سالِ پیدائش 1895ء بتاتا ہے، اور اختلاف اسی صورت درج ہے۔{cite:wikipedia-enayat-khan-en}{cite:wikidata-enayat-khan} ان کے والد ستار کے عظیم استاد امداد خان تھے، جنھوں نے انھیں خاندانی اسلوب — امداد خانی یا اٹاوہ گھرانہ، جو آگرہ کے قریب گاؤں اٹاوہ کے نام پر ہے — میں ستار اور سر بہار (باس ستار) سکھایا۔{cite:wikipedia-enayat-khan-en} ان کی شادی خیال گلوکار بندے حسین کی بیٹی بشیرن بیگم سے ہوئی۔{cite:wikipedia-enayat-khan-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "فنی سفر",
     "markdown": "انھوں نے خاندان سمیت کلکتہ میں سکونت اختیار کی، اور اگرچہ صرف 43 برس جیے، وہاں ستار پر انھوں نے بہت سا ابتدائی کام کیا: والد سے سیکھے ہوئے گائیکی انگ کو مزید ترقی دی، ساز کی جسمانی پیمائشیں متعین کیں اور بالائی گونج والا کدّو شامل کیا جو آج کے نوازوں میں مقبول ہے، اگرچہ ان کی اولاد نے اسے استعمال نہیں کیا۔{cite:wikipedia-enayat-khan-en} اس دور میں جب کلکتہ فنون کا بڑا مرکز بن رہا تھا اور جدوجہدِ آزادی نے قومی ثقافت میں دلچسپی جگا دی تھی، انھوں نے ستار کو ماہرین کی تنگ محفلوں سے نکال کر وسیع عوامی سامعین تک پہنچایا؛ رابندر ناتھ ٹیگور ان کے موسیقی ساتھی اور ذاتی دوست تھے۔{cite:wikipedia-enayat-khan-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "وفات و ورثہ",
     "markdown": "عنایت خان 1938ء میں کلکتہ میں صرف 43 برس کی عمر میں انتقال کر گئے اور چار بچے چھوڑے۔{cite:wikipedia-enayat-khan-en} ان کے دونوں بیٹے — ستار نواز ولایت خان (1928ء–2004ء) اور امرت خان — امداد خانی اسلوب میں خاندان کے دیگر افراد سے تربیت پائی اور دونوں بڑے کلاسیکی موسیقار ہوئے۔{cite:wikipedia-enayat-khan-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "مصادر",
     "markdown": "- {cite:wikipedia-enayat-khan-en}\n- {cite:wikidata-enayat-khan}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/enayet-khan",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-26"
  }
 },
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [
  "person/a-k-fazlul-huq",
  "person/abbas-hilmi-ii",
  "person/abbas-mahmoud-al-aqqad",
  "person/abd-al-hamid-ibn-badis",
  "person/abd-al-qadir-al-maghribi",
  "person/abd-al-rahman-shahbandar",
  "person/abd-el-krim",
  "person/abdelaziz-thaalbi",
  "person/abdelkader-hadj-ali",
  "person/abdul-aleem-siddiqui",
  "person/abdul-hamid-khan-bhashani",
  "person/abdul-haq"
 ],
 "updated": "2026-10-26",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}