{
 "id": "person/mohammed-ibn-al-sharif",
 "class": "person",
 "slug": "mohammed-ibn-al-sharif",
 "label": {
  "ar": "محمد بن الشريف",
  "en": "Mohammed ibn al-Sharif",
  "ur": "محمد بن شریف"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "سيدي محمد بن الشريف (ت. 2 آب 1664)، أكبر أبناء المولى الشريف مؤسس السلالة العلوية، وحاكم تافيلالت من 1636 ومتوَّجًا أميرًا عليها سنة 1640. بسط سلطانه على درعة ووجدة وتوات والصحراء الشرقية، وثبّت بمعاهدة 1647 حدَّ التافنة مع عثمانيي الجزائر، وصفه المؤرخ الإفرني بالكرم والشجاعة. قُتل في وقعة أنجاد بسهل بني سناسن في حربه مع أخيه مولاي الرشيد الذي خلفه.",
  "en": "Sidi Mohammed ibn al-Sharif (died 2 August 1664) was the eldest son of Moulay Sharif, founder of the Alawite line, and ruler of Tafilalt from 1636, crowned emir in 1640. He extended his rule over the Draa, Oujda, Tuat and the eastern Sahara, fixed the Tafna frontier with Ottoman Algiers by the treaty of 1647, and was remembered by the historian al-Ifrani for his generosity and bravery. He was killed at the battle of Angad, in the Beni Snassen plain, in his war with his brother Moulay Rashid, who succeeded him.",
  "ur": "سیدی محمد بن الشریف (وفات 2 اگست 1664ء) علوی سلسلے کے بانی مولای شریف کے سب سے بڑے بیٹے اور 1636ء سے تافیلالت کے حاکم تھے، 1640ء میں امیر کی حیثیت سے تاج پوشی ہوئی۔ درعہ، وجدہ، توات اور مشرقی صحرا تک اپنا اقتدار پھیلایا اور 1647ء کے معاہدے سے عثمانی الجزائر کے ساتھ تافنہ کی سرحد طے کی؛ مؤرخ افرانی نے ان کی سخاوت اور بہادری کا ذکر کیا ہے۔ اپنے بھائی مولای رشید سے جنگ میں انگاد کی لڑائی میں مارے گئے، اور رشید ہی ان کے جانشین بنے۔"
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "maghreb"
 ],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 1664.586473370432,
  "latest": 1664.5892112774072
 },
 "display": {
  "end": {
   "edtf": "1664-08-02",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "historical",
   "hijri": "1075",
   "note": "Killed at the battle of Angad, on the plain south of the Beni Snassen mountains, by the troops of his half-brother Moulay Rashid. The English, French and Arabic articles all give 2 August 1664, and the English article on al-Rashid pairs the battle with Friday 9 Muharram 1075 AH, so the Hijri year is the sources' own pairing. No birth block is built: no article read gives a birth year, and the Wikidata item's birth statement is decade-precision only.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-en",
    "source/wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-fr",
    "source/wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-ar"
   ]
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "names": [
   {
    "value": "Sidi Muhammad ibn Sharif ibn Ali ibn Muhammad",
    "kind": "full"
   },
   {
    "value": "Mohammed I",
    "kind": "regnal"
   }
  ],
  "gender": "male",
  "roles": [
   "sultan"
  ],
  "died": {
   "edtf": "1664-08-02",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "historical",
   "hijri": "1075",
   "note": "Killed at the battle of Angad, on the plain south of the Beni Snassen mountains, by the troops of his half-brother Moulay Rashid. The English, French and Arabic articles all give 2 August 1664, and the English article on al-Rashid pairs the battle with Friday 9 Muharram 1075 AH, so the Hijri year is the sources' own pairing. No birth block is built: no article read gives a birth year, and the Wikidata item's birth statement is decade-precision only.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-en",
    "source/wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-fr",
    "source/wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-ar"
   ]
  },
  "faith": [
   {
    "value": "unknown",
    "basis": "unknown",
    "note": "The Arabic article describes him in its lead as a Sufi (mutasawwif), a man of the zawiya world of Sijilmasa. That characterisation stands in one text only; the English and French articles say nothing of his personal religion, and no text read names a school or an order for the man himself. Under the founder's two-text rule and the absolute doubt rule the single attestation does not settle a value, so his faith is recorded as unknown with the Arabic article's description stated here in full.",
    "sources": [
     "source/wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-ar",
     "source/wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-en",
     "source/wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-fr"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "external_ids": {
   "wikidata": "Q2706072"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-en",
   "source/wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-fr",
   "source/wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-ar",
   "source/wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-ur",
   "source/wikidata-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "English Wikipedia (revision 1353549126 of 10 May 2026), French Wikipedia «Mohammed ben Chérif» (revision 235511975 of 24 April 2026), Arabic Wikipedia «محمد بن الشريف» (revision 76729552 of 24 September 2026), Urdu Wikipedia (revision 9660299 of 31 March 2026, a rendering of another language's article and not an independent text) and Wikidata Q2706072 (item revision 2468947686 of 3 March 2026, re-asserted identical on a second live query), fetched live in-session on 1 November 2026; the QID was grounded from the English article's own page property, the French, Arabic and Urdu articles agreeing. Existence checked against origin/main before building — no record holds this man. Queue correction: the queue's birth year 1630 is attested in no text read — the English and French articles give no birth year at all and the item's statement is decade-precision — so no born block is built, on the Danishmand Khan precedent; the queue's death year 1664 is confirmed at day precision. The father's record (Sharif ibn Ali) does not exist on main, so no child_of edge is written. As the eldest of the brothers he carries the sibling edges to al-Rashid and to Moulay Ismail (whose own record is a draft stub that must not be edited); the French article's lead attests both brother relations in one sentence.",
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)",
   "run": "modern-figures-wave-175m"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "published",
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "سيدي محمد بن الشريف أكبر أبناء المولى الشريف مؤسس السلالة العلوية، وحاكم تافيلالت؛ قام بأمرها منذ 1636 وتُوّج أميرًا عليها في 23 نيسان 1640، وقُتل في 2 آب 1664 في وقعة أنجاد.{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-en}{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-fr} تصفه المقالة العربية بأنه كان متصوّفًا — وهو الوصف الوحيد لدينه الشخصي في النصوص المقروءة، ولا يثبت به مذهب في سجلّه لانفراده — وبأنه أكبر أبناء الشريف بن علي.{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-ar} ولا تذكر المقالات سنة مولده.{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-en}{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-fr}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "القيام بتافيلالت",
     "markdown": "قام محمد بأمر تافيلالت منذ 1636 إذ كان أبوه حيًّا منزويًا ثم أسيرًا عند أبي حسون السملالي صاحب درعة والسوس، فهاجم تبواسمت ليلًا واستولى عليها، واشترى حرية أبيه سنة 1637 بمال عظيم، ثم طرد أنصار أبي حسون من سجلماسة.{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-en} وتذكر المقالة العربية أن أهل سجلماسة بايعوه سنة 1050هـ في حياة أبيه فوافق على بيعته أهل الحل والعقد.{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-ar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "الفتوح",
     "markdown": "بعد تتويجه أميرًا سنة 1640 هزم أبا حسون وضمّ درعة، ثم أخذ وجدة فصار سلطان تافيلالت، ووقّع سنة 1647 معاهدة مع عثمانيي الجزائر جعلت حدّ الدولتين نهر التافنة، وغزا الصحراء الشرقية فأخذ إمارة توات سنة 1652، وامتد نفوذه إلى تلمسان نواحيها غزوًا.{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-en}{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-fr} ووقعت بينه وبين زاوية الدلاء حروب طويلة، منها وقعة القاعة سنة 1646 التي هزمته فيها الدلائيون ونهبوا سجلماسة.{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-fr}{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-ar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "صفته",
     "markdown": "نقلت المقالة الإنجليزية عن أهل زاوية الدلاء، خصومه القدامى، وصفهم له بأنه أشبه بالعقاب الذهبي لا يثبّته حرّ ولا قرّ، شجاعته مشهورة وبنيته قوية؛ ويذكر المؤرخ محمد الإفرني أنه كان كريمًا.{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "مقتله",
     "markdown": "بعد وفاة أبيه سنة 1659 قامت الفتنة بينه وبين أخيه مولاي الرشيد، فالتقى الجيشان في سهل أنجاد عند بني سناسن يوم 2 آب 1664 فقُتل مولاي محمد برصاصة في عنقه على يد جنود أخيه، وخلفه الرشيد على تافيلالت.{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-en}{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-fr}{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-ar}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/mohammed-ibn-al-sharif",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-11-01"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "Sidi Mohammed ibn al-Sharif was the eldest son of Moulay Sharif, founder of the Alawite line, and ruler of Tafilalt: he took up its government from 1636 and was crowned emir on 23 April 1640, and he was killed on 2 August 1664 at the battle of Angad.{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-en}{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-fr} The Arabic article describes him as a Sufi — the only characterisation of his personal religion in the texts read, and, standing alone, it settles no value in his record — and as the eldest of al-Sharif ibn Ali's sons.{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-ar} No article gives his birth year.{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-en}{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-fr}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Rise in Tafilalt",
     "markdown": "Mohammed took up Tafilalt's government from 1636 while his father still lived — withdrawn, then a captive of Abu Hasun al-Simlali, master of the Draa and the Sous: he stormed Tabouasamt by night, bought his father's freedom in 1637 with a huge sum, and drove Abu Hasun's partisans out of Sijilmasa.{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-en} The Arabic article records that the people of Sijilmasa swore him allegiance in 1050 AH, in his father's lifetime, with the consent of the men of binding and loosing.{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-ar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Conquests",
     "markdown": "After his coronation as emir in 1640 he defeated Abu Hasun and annexed the Draa, then took Oujda and became sultan of Tafilalt; in 1647 a treaty with the Ottomans of Algiers fixed the two states' border at the Tafna river, and his eastern expedition took the emirate of Tuat in 1652, while his raids reached the region of Tlemcen.{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-en}{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-fr} Against the Dila zawiya he fought long wars, among them the battle of El Qa'a in 1646, where the Dilaites defeated him and sacked Sijilmasa.{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-fr}{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-ar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Character",
     "markdown": "The English article quotes the men of the Dila zawiya, his longtime rivals, describing him as a very gyrfalcon, insensible to the simoom of the night and the heat of the summer sun, of famous bravery and solid build, whom none could withstand hand to hand; the historian Mohammed al-Ifrani also described him as a generous man.{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Death",
     "markdown": "After his father's death in 1659, rivalry broke out between him and his brother Moulay Rashid; the armies met on the Angad plain by the Beni Snassen on 2 August 1664, and Moulay Mohammed was killed by a bullet in the neck at the hands of his brother's troops, and al-Rashid succeeded him in Tafilalt.{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-en}{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-fr}{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-ar}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/mohammed-ibn-al-sharif",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-11-01"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "سیدی محمد بن الشریف علوی سلسلے کے بانی مولای شریف کے سب سے بڑے بیٹے اور تافیلالت کے حاکم تھے؛ 1636ء سے اس کا انتظام سنبھالا اور 23 اپریل 1640ء کو امیر کی حیثیت سے تاج پوشی ہوئی، اور 2 اگست 1664ء کو انگاد کی لڑائی میں مارے گئے۔{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-en}{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-fr} عربی مقالہ انہیں متصوف کہتا ہے — پڑھے گئے متنوں میں ان کے ذاتی دین کی یہ واحد صفت ہے اور اکیلی ہونے کی وجہ سے ان کے ریکارڈ میں کوئی قدر ثابت نہیں کرتی۔{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-ar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "زندگی اور کام",
     "markdown": "والد کے قید ہونے پر تبواسمت پر شب خون مارا اور 1637ء میں بھاری رقم دے کر والد کو آزاد کرایا؛ 1640ء کے بعد درعہ اور وجدہ فتح کیے، 1647ء میں عثمانی الجزائر سے تافنہ کی سرحد کا معاہدہ کیا اور 1652ء میں توات لیا۔{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-en} مؤرخ افرانی نے ان کی سخاوت و بہادری کا ذکر کیا ہے۔{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-en} بھائی مولای رشید سے جنگ میں انگاد کے میدان میں گردن میں گولی لگنے سے مارے گئے اور رشید جانشین بنے۔{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-fr}{cite:wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-ar}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/mohammed-ibn-al-sharif",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-11-01"
  }
 },
 "degree": 6,
 "contemporaries": [
  "person/abd-al-qadir-al-baghdadi",
  "person/abd-al-rauf-al-sinkili",
  "person/abu-salim-al-ayyashi",
  "person/ahmad-ibn-mustafa-ibn-al-khawja",
  "person/al-haskafi-muhammad-ibn-ali",
  "person/al-rashid-of-morocco",
  "person/amangkurat-i",
  "person/anusha-khan",
  "person/asad-khan",
  "person/aurangzeb-mughal",
  "person/ayasli-ismail-pasha",
  "person/bahadur-nizam-shah"
 ],
 "updated": "2026-11-03",
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/al-rashid-of-morocco",
   "type": "predecessor_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-al-rashid-of-morocco-en",
    "source/wikipedia-al-rashid-of-morocco-ar"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-rashid-of-morocco",
   "type": "sibling_of",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-en",
    "source/wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-fr"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/moulay-ismail",
   "type": "sibling_of",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-mohammed-ibn-al-sharif-fr"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "place/sijilmasa",
  "person/al-rashid-of-morocco",
  "person/moulay-ismail",
  "place/meknes"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}