{
 "id": "person/murad-iv-uthmani",
 "class": "person",
 "slug": "murad-iv-uthmani",
 "label": {
  "ar": "مراد الرابع",
  "en": "Murad IV"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "مراد الرابع بن أحمد الأول، سلطان عثماني ⁦(1049-1032هـ)⁩؛ أصلح الداخلية وقضى على طغاة العسكر، وقاد بنفسه استرداد بغداد من الصفويين سنة 1048هـ، ولقبه المؤرخون بمؤسس الدولة الثاني؛ توفي 1640م وترك الخزينة مملوءة.",
  "en": "Murad IV b. Ahmad I, Ottoman sultan (1032-1049 AH); reformed the interior and crushed the military tyrants, personally led the recovery of Baghdad from the Safavids in 1048, called 'second founder of the state' by historians; died 1640 leaving a full treasury."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "anatolia-balkans"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/gunpowder-empires"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 1611.9994934872038,
  "latest": 1641.0021424122012
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "1612",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "year",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Date-enrichment pass; source: TDV Islam Ansiklopedisi; EI2"
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "1640",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "year",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Date-enrichment pass; source: TDV Islam Ansiklopedisi; EI2"
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "names": [
   {
    "kind": "full",
    "lang": "ar",
    "value": "مراد بن أحمد الأول"
   }
  ],
  "roles": [
   "sultan",
   "caliph"
  ],
  "gender": "male",
  "sources": [
   "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi",
   "source/nomisma"
  ],
  "external_ids": {
   "nomisma": "murad_iv",
   "wikidata": "Q174762"
  },
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "الصلابي، الدولة العثمانية — مراد الرابع ص305-306",
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 Medium)",
   "model": "SWE-2 Medium",
   "run": "prose-fill-persons-batch12"
  },
  "importance": 2,
  "status": {
   "review": "published",
   "completeness": 3
  },
  "born": {
   "edtf": "1612",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "year",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Date-enrichment pass; source: TDV Islam Ansiklopedisi; EI2"
  },
  "died": {
   "edtf": "1640",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "year",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Date-enrichment pass; source: TDV Islam Ansiklopedisi; EI2"
  },
  "story_roles": [
   {
    "role": "ruler",
    "toward": "polity/ottoman-empire",
    "start": {
     "edtf": "1623",
     "calendar": "julian",
     "precision": "year"
    },
    "end": {
     "edtf": "1640",
     "calendar": "julian",
     "precision": "year"
    },
    "status": "historical",
    "sources": [
     "source/sicill-i-osmani"
    ]
   }
  ]
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "مراد الرابع بن السلطان أحمد الأول، سلطان عثماني ⁦(١٠٤٩-١٠٣٢هـ / ١٦٤٠-١٦٢٢م)⁩، تولى السلطنة بعد عزل عمه مصطفى عام ١٠٣٢هـ وهو أخو السلطان عثمان الثاني الذي قتلته الإنكشارية. {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p.305}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "الإصلاح الداخلي",
     "markdown": "سيطر عليه الإنكشاريون في بادئ أمره لصغر سنه، وكانت أحوال الدولة سيئة، فبدأ بإصلاح الأحوال الداخلية وقضى على طغاة العسكر الذين قتلوا أخاه، وأسس تشكيلات قوية للمخابرات تتبّع بها المستبدين في أنحاء الدولة، ومنع في عهده الخمر والتدخين. {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p.305}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "استرداد بغداد ووفاته",
     "markdown": "اندلعت الحرب مع الصفويين في العراق عام ١٠٤٤هـ ⁦(١٦٣٤م)⁩، فقاد الجيوش بنفسه إلى بغداد التي كان الشاه عباس قد استولى عليها، فحاصرها وهدم جزءاً كبيراً من أسوارها بالمدفعية ودخلها عام ١٠٤٨هـ، ثم أقام بها مدة جدّد عمارتها وأصلح أسوارها وعيّن لها وزيراً. مرض بالنقرس وتوفي في شباط ١٦٤٠م بعد حكم دام نحو سبع عشرة سنة؛ استلم الخزينة فارغة وتركها مملوءة، ولُقّب في المؤرخين بـ«مؤسس الدولة الثاني». {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p.305-306}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/murad-iv-uthmani",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-11-06"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "Murad IV, son of Sultan Ahmad I, was Ottoman sultan from 1032 to 1049 AH (1622–1640 CE). He came to the throne after the deposition of his uncle Mustafa; he was the brother of Sultan Osman II, whom the Janissaries had killed. {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p.305}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Internal reform",
     "markdown": "The Janissaries dominated him at first because of his youth, and the state's affairs were in disarray. He began by setting the internal situation right, eliminated the military tyrants who had killed his brother, built a strong intelligence apparatus that let him name the despots in every province, and banned wine and tobacco in his reign. {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p.305}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "The recovery of Baghdad and his death",
     "markdown": "War with the Safavids broke out in Iraq in 1044 AH (1634 CE). Murad led the armies himself toward Baghdad, which Shah Abbas had seized, besieged it, demolished much of its walls with artillery and entered it in 1048 AH; he stayed there a while, restored its buildings, repaired the walls and appointed a governor. He suffered from gout and died in February 1640 after a reign of nearly seventeen years; he had received an empty treasury and left it full, and historians call him \"the second founder of the state.\" {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p.305-306}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/murad-iv-uthmani",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Devin (SWE-2 Medium), prose-fill-persons batch 12"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-11-03"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "خلاصہ",
     "markdown": "مراد رابع، سلطان احمد اول کا بیٹا، ۱۰۳۲ھ سے ۱۰۴۹ھ (۱۶۲۲ء–۱۶۴۰ء) تک عثمانی سلطان رہا۔ وہ اپنے چچا مصطفیٰ کی برطرفی کے بعد تخت پر بیٹھا؛ وہ سلطان عثمان ثانی کا بھائی تھا جسے ینکچریوں نے قتل کر دیا تھا۔ {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p.305}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "اندرونی اصلاح",
     "markdown": "کم سنی کی وجہ سے ابتداً میں ینکچری اس پر غالب رہے اور سلطنت کے حالات خراب تھے۔ اس نے پہلے اندرونی حالات درست کیے، اپنے بھائی کے قاتل فوجی جابروں کا خاتمہ کیا، ایک مضبوط خفیہ تنظیم قائم کی جس کے ذریعے ہر صوبے کے مستبدوں کے نام معلوم کر لیتا، اور اپنے عہد میں شراب اور تمباکو پر پابندی لگائی۔ {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p.305}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "بغداد کی واپسی اور وفات",
     "markdown": "۱۰۴۴ھ (۱۶۳۴ء) میں عراق میں صفویوں سے جنگ چھڑ گئی۔ مراد نے خود فوجوں کی قیادت کی اور بغداد کی طرف بڑھا جس پر شاہ عباس نے قبضہ کر رکھا تھا؛ اس نے شہر کا محاصرہ کیا، توپ خانے سے دیواروں کا ایک بڑا حصہ گرایا اور ۱۰۴۸ھ میں اس میں داخل ہوا؛ وہاں کچھ عرصہ ٹھہرا، عمارتیں نئی کیں، دیواریں مرمت کیں اور گورنر مقرر کیا۔ اسے نقرس کی بیماری تھی اور تقریباً سترہ سال کی حکومت کے بعد فروری ۱۶۴۰ء میں وفات پا گیا؛ اسے خالی خزانہ ملا تھا اور اس نے بھرا ہوا چھوڑا، اور مؤرخ اسے \"دولت کا دوسرا بانی\" کہتے ہیں۔ {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p.305-306}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/murad-iv-uthmani",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Devin (SWE-2 Medium), prose-fill-persons batch 12"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-11-03"
  }
 },
 "degree": 92,
 "contemporaries": [
  "person/abd-al-baqi-al-zurkani",
  "person/abd-al-haqq-amanat-khan",
  "person/abd-al-haqq-dihlawi",
  "person/abd-al-qadir-al-fasi",
  "person/abd-al-rahman-al-sadi",
  "person/abdurrahman-hibri",
  "person/abu-al-ghazi-bahadur",
  "person/abu-al-mafakhir",
  "person/abul-hasan-qutb-shah",
  "person/ahmad-al-zarqani-al-maliki",
  "person/ahmad-ibn-abi-al-rijal",
  "person/ahmad-ibn-yahya-al-karmi"
 ],
 "updated": "2026-11-10",
 "connections": [
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   "sources": [
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  {
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  {
   "to": "place/baghdad",
   "type": "lived_in",
   "inverse": false,
   "confidence": "low",
   "note": "The only place named in the record; specific residence or role there is assumed from context but not separately documented.",
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   "to": "event/battle-of-amritsar-1634",
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   "to": "event/battle-of-anjar-1623",
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  {
   "to": "event/battle-of-cemhal-1630",
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   "to": "event/battle-of-kartarpur-1635",
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   "to": "event/battle-of-kiratpur",
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  {
   "to": "event/battle-of-kuskunkiran-1633",
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   "to": "event/battle-of-lahira-1634",
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   "to": "event/founding-of-shahjahanabad-1638",
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  },
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   "to": "event/mughal-safavid-war-1637",
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   "to": "event/patani-siamese-war-1633",
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   "to": "event/polish-ottoman-war-1633",
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   "to": "event/serbian-ottoman-wars",
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 ],
 "related": [
  "person/ibrahim-i-uthmani",
  "place/baghdad",
  "person/mehmed-iv-uthmani",
  "person/mustafa-i-uthmani",
  "person/ahmad-ii-uthmani",
  "event/serbian-ottoman-wars",
  "person/uthman-ii-uthmani",
  "polity/ottoman-empire"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}