{
 "id": "person/sebastian-i-portugal",
 "class": "person",
 "slug": "sebastian-i-portugal",
 "label": {
  "ar": "سبستيان ملك البرتغال",
  "en": "Sebastian I of Portugal"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "ملك البرتغال الشاب؛ قبل عرض المتوكل المخلوع التنازل عن شواطئ المغرب مقابل طرد عمه، وجمع عشرات الألوف من الأسبان والبرتغاليين والطليان والألمان في ألف مركب — تقديرات المؤرخين بين ثمانين ألفاً ومائة وخمسة وعشرين — راغباً بحرب مقدسة تعلو شأنه بين ملوك أوروبا في وصف الصلابي. ورد على خطاب عبد الملك التحدي بالتريث مخالفاً مشورة أركان جيشه، وقُتل في وادي المخازن يوم ٣٠ جمادى الآخرة ٩٨٦هـ/٤ أغسطس ١٥٧٨م، فسقط نجم البرتغال وتهاوت قوتها كما يصف مؤرخها لويس ماريه {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 260-267}.",
  "en": "The young king of Portugal; he accepted the deposed al-Mutawakkil's offer of Morocco's coasts for his uncle's expulsion, massed tens of thousands — chroniclers say between eighty and a hundred and twenty-five thousand — of Spanish, Portuguese, Italians and Germans in a thousand ships, desiring, in al-Salabi's words, a holy war to raise his name among Europe's kings. To Abd al-Malik's taunting letter he answered by delay against his commanders' counsel; he was killed at Wadi al-Makhazin, 30 Jumada II 986/4 August 1578, and Portugal's star sank as her own historian Luís de Menezes mourns {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 260-267}."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "andalus-europe",
  "maghreb"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/gunpowder-empires"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 1578.588814280923,
  "latest": 1578.5915521878983
 },
 "display": {
  "end": {
   "edtf": "1578-08-04",
   "hijri": "0986-06-30",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "tradition",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "قتل في وادي المخازن",
   "sources": [
    "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
   ]
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "names": [
   {
    "kind": "full",
    "lang": "ar",
    "value": "سبستيان بن يوحنا"
   }
  ],
  "gender": "male",
  "roles": [
   "ruler"
  ],
  "died": {
   "edtf": "1578-08-04",
   "hijri": "0986-06-30",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "tradition",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "قتل في وادي المخازن",
   "sources": [
    "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
   ]
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
  ],
  "external_ids": {
   "wikidata": "Q161514"
  },
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "الدولة العثمانية لعلي محمد الصلابي (ط1 1421) ص 260-267",
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 Medium)",
   "model": "SWE-2 Medium",
   "run": "salabi-uthmani-batch14"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 Medium)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "ملك البرتغال الذي هلك في وادي المخازن {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 260-267}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الحشد",
     "markdown": "قبل عرض المتوكل التنازل عن شواطئ المغرب مقابل طرد عمه، وجمع عشرات الألوف من الأسبان والبرتغاليين والطليان والألمان في ألف مركب — تقديرات بين ثمانين ومائة وخمسة وعشرين ألفاً — راغباً بحرب مقدسة تعلو شأنه بين ملوك أوروبا في وصف الصلابي {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 260-261}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "النهاية",
     "markdown": "رد على خطاب عبد الملك التحدي بالتريث مخالفاً مشورة أركان جيشه، وقتل في الموقعة يوم ٣٠ جمادى الآخرة ٩٨٦هـ/٤ أغسطس ١٥٧٨م؛ وسقط نجم البرتغال كما ينعى مؤرخها لويس ماريه {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 262-267}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/sebastian-i-portugal",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "The king of Portugal who perished at Wadi al-Makhazin {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 260-267}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "The muster",
     "markdown": "He accepted al-Mutawakkil's offer of Morocco's coasts for his uncle's expulsion and gathered tens of thousands — estimates run from eighty to a hundred and twenty-five thousand — of Spanish, Portuguese, Italians and Germans in a thousand ships, desiring, in al-Salabi's words, a holy war to raise his name among Europe's kings {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 260-261}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "The end",
     "markdown": "To Abd al-Malik's taunting letter he answered by delay against his commanders' counsel, and was killed on the field, 30 Jumada II 986/4 August 1578; Portugal's star sank, as her own historian Luís de Menezes laments {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 262-267}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/sebastian-i-portugal",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Devin (SWE-2 Medium), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "خلاصہ",
     "markdown": "پرتگال کا وہ بادشاہ جو وادی المخازن میں ہلاک ہوا {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 260-267}۔"
    },
    {
     "heading": "جمعیت",
     "markdown": "اس نے المتوکل کی مغرب کے ساحل دینے کی پیشکش قبول کی اور ہزار جہازوں میں ہسپانوی، پرتگالی، اطالوی اور جرمنوں کی لاکھوں فوج — تخمینہ اسی ہزار سے ایک لاکھ پچیس ہزار — جمع کی؛ صلابی کے بقول وہ مقدس جنگ چاہتا تھا تاکہ یورپ کے بادشاہوں میں اس کا نام بلند ہو {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 260-261}۔"
    },
    {
     "heading": "انجام",
     "markdown": "عبد الملک کے چیلنج بھرے خط کا جواب اس نے سرداروں کی رائے کے خلاف تاخیر سے دیا اور 30 جمادی الثانی 986ھ/4 اگست 1578ء کو میدان میں مارا گیا؛ پرتگال کا ستارہ ڈوبا جیسا کہ اس کے مورخ لوئیس ماریہ نوحہ کرتا ہے {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 262-267}۔"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/sebastian-i-portugal",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Devin (SWE-2 Medium), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  }
 },
 "degree": 8,
 "contemporaries": [
  "person/abd-al-haqq-amanat-khan",
  "person/abd-al-malik-al-sadi",
  "person/abu-bakr-ibn-abi-al-qasim-al-ahdal",
  "person/abu-numayy-ii-sharif-mecca",
  "person/ahmad-baba-al-timbukti",
  "person/ahmad-mashhadi",
  "person/ahmad-sirhindi",
  "person/al-samadi-qadiri",
  "person/al-shinhaji-al-fishtali",
  "person/al-tahir-ibn-al-ahdal",
  "person/alaeddin-tabrizi",
  "person/baba-shah-esfahani"
 ],
 "updated": "2026-10-23",
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/abd-al-malik-al-sadi",
   "type": "opposed_by",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/muhammad-ii-mutawakkil-saadi",
   "type": "allied_with",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abd-al-malik-al-sadi",
   "type": "opposed",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "event/battle-of-wadi-al-makhazin-1578",
   "type": "participated_in",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "event/battle-of-wadi-al-makhazin-1578",
  "person/abd-al-malik-al-sadi",
  "person/muhammad-ii-mutawakkil-saadi",
  "person/abu-al-mahasin-yusuf-al-fasi",
  "person/ahmad-al-mansur-al-sadi",
  "person/abdallah-al-ghalib-al-sadi",
  "person/muhammad-al-shaykh-al-sadi",
  "person/ridwan-al-ilj"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}