{
 "id": "person/tawhida-ben-cheikh",
 "class": "person",
 "slug": "tawhida-ben-cheikh",
 "label": {
  "ar": "توحيدة بن الشيخ",
  "en": "Tawhida Ben Cheikh",
  "ur": "توحیدہ بن شیخ"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "طبيبة تونسية (1909–2010)، أول تونسية تحصل على البكالوريا سنة 1928 وأول طبيبة في تونس والمغرب العربي؛ تخرجت في كلية الطب بباريس سنة 1936 وافتتحت عيادة بالعاصمة، فرأست قسم الولادة بمستشفى شارل نيكول ثم بمستشفى عزيزة عثمانة، وأسست خدمة التنظيم العائلي سنة 1963 وأدارت الديوان الوطني للأسرة والعمران البشري سنة 1970، ونشطت في الاتحاد النسائي الإسلامي التونسي وأسست جمعيات للإسعاف الاجتماعي ورعاية الأيتام والأمهات؛ كرّمها البنك المركزي التونسي سنة 2020 بوضع صورتها على ورقة العشرة دنانير.",
  "en": "Tunisian physician (1909–2010), the first Tunisian girl to take the baccalauréat, in 1928, and the first woman physician of Tunisia and the Maghreb. She graduated from the Paris faculty of medicine in 1936 and opened a practice in Tunis, headed the maternity services of the Charles-Nicolle and Aziza Othmana hospitals, founded the family-planning service in 1963 and directed the national family and population office in 1970; she was active in the Muslim Union of Tunisian Women and founded societies for social aid, orphans and mothers. In 2020 the Central Bank of Tunisia put her portrait on the ten-dinar banknote.",
  "ur": "تونسی طبیبہ (1909–2010)، 1928ء میں بکلوریا حاصل کرنے والی پہلی تونسی لڑکی اور تونس و مغرب کی پہلی خاتون طبیب۔ انہوں نے 1936ء میں پیرس کی طب کی فیکلٹی سے گریجویشن کی اور تونس میں مطب کھولا، شارل نیکول اور عزیزہ عثمانہ اسپتالوں کے زچگی شعبوں کی سربراہی کی، 1963ء میں خاندانی منصوبہ بندی کی خدمت قائم کی اور 1970ء میں قومی ادارہ برائے خاندان و آبادی کی ڈائریکٹر بنیں؛ الاتحاد النسائي الإسلامي التونسي میں فعال رہیں اور سماجی امداد، یتیموں اور ماؤں کے لیے انجمنیں قائم کیں۔ 2020ء میں تونس کے مرکزی بینک نے دس دینار کے نوٹ پر ان کی تصویر جاری کی۔"
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "maghreb"
 ],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 1909.002169791303,
  "latest": 2010.9317097544465
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "1909-01-02",
   "hijri": "1327",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "debated",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Born on 2 January 1909; the day is agreed by the French, English and Arabic biographies and by Wikidata. 2 January 1909 falls in 1327 AH. The birthplace is disputed: the French biography's lead and the English biography's narrative give Tunis, while the English infobox and Wikidata give Ras Jebel, her family's home town on the north-east coast (the French biography's body says she came from a well-off family of Ras Jebel). Ras Jebel has no place entity on main and the reading is split, so no born_in edge is written and both readings are preserved here.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-tawhida-ben-cheikh-fr",
    "source/wikipedia-tawhida-ben-cheikh-en",
    "source/wikipedia-tawhida-ben-cheikh-ar",
    "source/wikidata-tawhida-ben-cheikh"
   ]
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "2010-12-06",
   "hijri": "1431",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "historical",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Died at Tunis on 6 December 2010, aged 101 (Arabic biography and Wikidata; the French and English biographies give the day). 6 December 2010 falls in 1431 AH, recorded here at year precision.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-tawhida-ben-cheikh-ar",
    "source/wikipedia-tawhida-ben-cheikh-fr",
    "source/wikipedia-tawhida-ben-cheikh-en",
    "source/wikidata-tawhida-ben-cheikh"
   ]
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "names": [
   {
    "value": "توحيدة بن الشيخ",
    "kind": "full"
   },
   {
    "value": "Tawhida Ben Cheikh",
    "kind": "full"
   },
   {
    "value": "Tewhida Ben Sheikh",
    "kind": "latinized"
   },
   {
    "value": "Taouhida Ben Cheikh",
    "kind": "alternate"
   }
  ],
  "gender": "female",
  "born": {
   "edtf": "1909-01-02",
   "hijri": "1327",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "debated",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Born on 2 January 1909; the day is agreed by the French, English and Arabic biographies and by Wikidata. 2 January 1909 falls in 1327 AH. The birthplace is disputed: the French biography's lead and the English biography's narrative give Tunis, while the English infobox and Wikidata give Ras Jebel, her family's home town on the north-east coast (the French biography's body says she came from a well-off family of Ras Jebel). Ras Jebel has no place entity on main and the reading is split, so no born_in edge is written and both readings are preserved here.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-tawhida-ben-cheikh-fr",
    "source/wikipedia-tawhida-ben-cheikh-en",
    "source/wikipedia-tawhida-ben-cheikh-ar",
    "source/wikidata-tawhida-ben-cheikh"
   ]
  },
  "died": {
   "edtf": "2010-12-06",
   "hijri": "1431",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "historical",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Died at Tunis on 6 December 2010, aged 101 (Arabic biography and Wikidata; the French and English biographies give the day). 6 December 2010 falls in 1431 AH, recorded here at year precision.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-tawhida-ben-cheikh-ar",
    "source/wikipedia-tawhida-ben-cheikh-fr",
    "source/wikipedia-tawhida-ben-cheikh-en",
    "source/wikidata-tawhida-ben-cheikh"
   ]
  },
  "roles": [
   "physician"
  ],
  "faith": [
   {
    "value": "unknown",
    "basis": "unknown",
    "note": "French press coverage (La Presse de Tunisie; Le Monde) and a UNDP survey style Ben Cheikh the first Muslim woman to take the baccalauréat in Tunisia and the first modern Muslim woman physician of the Arab world, attesting Islam as her identity at the general level only; no source names a school of law for her, and Wikidata carries no religion value. Her schooling at the first public school for Muslim girls, her membership of Bchira Ben Mrad's Muslim Union of Tunisian Women and of the Association of North African Muslim Students are affiliations and context, which never count. Held unknown, unflagged: no school is attested.",
    "sources": [
     "source/wikipedia-tawhida-ben-cheikh-fr",
     "source/wikipedia-tawhida-ben-cheikh-en",
     "source/wikidata-tawhida-ben-cheikh"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "sources": [
   "source/wikipedia-tawhida-ben-cheikh-fr",
   "source/wikipedia-tawhida-ben-cheikh-en",
   "source/wikipedia-tawhida-ben-cheikh-ar",
   "source/wikidata-tawhida-ben-cheikh"
  ],
  "external_ids": {
   "wikidata": "Q2740204"
  },
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "French, English and Arabic Wikipedia biographies of Tawhida Ben Cheikh (Q2740204) and the Wikidata item, read in full; the English article's canonical title is 'Tewhida Ben Sheikh' (the title 'Tawhida Ben Cheikh' redirects to it) and its revision was fetched under the canonical title. Every revision id was fetched live from the MediaWiki API in this session and asserted, the Wikidata item revision was re-asserted against a second live query, and the QID was grounded through the articles' page properties. Existence checks by name fragments (tawhida, tewhida, ben-cheikh, ben-sheikh, توحيدة) and by QID across data/person on origin/main found no prior record for her. Her uncle Tahar Ben Ammar and her daughter Zeineb Benzina have no records on main, and no relation edge is written for them.",
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)",
   "run": "century-additions-141"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "published",
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)"
  },
  "occupations": [
   {
    "job": "job/physician",
    "kind": "primary",
    "status": "historical",
    "note": "bootstrap from roles, 1 Nov 2026 merge map; dates, places and kind to be read in the Phase 3 sweep",
    "sources": [
     "source/wikipedia-tawhida-ben-cheikh-fr",
     "source/wikipedia-tawhida-ben-cheikh-en",
     "source/wikipedia-tawhida-ben-cheikh-ar",
     "source/wikidata-tawhida-ben-cheikh"
    ]
   }
  ]
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/tawhida-ben-cheikh",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-31"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/tawhida-ben-cheikh",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-31"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/tawhida-ben-cheikh",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-31"
  }
 },
 "degree": 2,
 "contemporaries": [
  "person/ali-safi-golpaygani",
  "person/aden-adde",
  "person/roger-garaudy",
  "person/muazzez-ilmiye-cig",
  "person/abdul-latif-chowdhury-fultali",
  "person/muhammad-sarfaraz-khan-safdar",
  "person/naguib-mahfouz",
  "person/halil-inalcik",
  "person/ahmed-ben-bella",
  "person/ibrahim-al-arrayedh",
  "person/leopold-sedar-senghor",
  "person/zahir-shah"
 ],
 "updated": "2026-11-01",
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "place/tunis",
   "type": "died_in",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-tawhida-ben-cheikh-ar",
    "source/wikidata-tawhida-ben-cheikh"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "building/al-zaytuna-mosque",
  "event/conquest-of-tunis-1534",
  "event/conquest-of-tunis-1535",
  "event/eighth-crusade-tunis-669",
  "event/hafsid-independence-627",
  "event/ibn-al-abbar-alama-affair-645",
  "event/ibn-al-abbar-completes-takmila-tunis-650",
  "event/ibn-al-abbar-embassy-tunis-635"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}