{
 "id": "place/ghazna",
 "class": "place",
 "slug": "ghazna",
 "label": {
  "ar": "غزنة",
  "en": "Ghazna"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "مدينة جليلة عامرة كثيرة الأسواق، ومنها يدخل إلى بلاد الهند، ويذكرها الإدريسي على طريق بست. {cite:nuzhat-al-mushtaq-2002 p. 460}",
  "en": "A great, populous city with many markets, from which the road enters the lands of India, which al-Idrisi lists on the Bust road. {cite:nuzhat-al-mushtaq-2002 p. 460}"
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "place"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "persia-central-asia"
 ],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "coordinates": [
  33.5539,
  68.4209
 ],
 "data": {
  "kind": "city",
  "coordinates": [
   33.5539,
   68.4209
  ],
  "coordinate_precision": "locality",
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "al-Idrisi, Nuzhat al-Mushtaq, ed. Cairo 2002, p. 460 (scan page)",
   "generated_by": "Claude (Haiku 5.5)"
  },
  "external_ids": {
   "wikidata": "Q173731"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/geonames-gazetteer",
   "source/nuzhat-al-mushtaq-2002"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1,
   "generated_by": "Claude (Haiku 5.5); page refs are scan indices"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "غزنة مدينة جليلة عامرة كثيرة الأسواق، ومنها يدخل إلى بلاد الهند. يذكرها الإدريسي على طريق بست. {cite:nuzhat-al-mushtaq-2002 p.460}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "place/ghazna",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-16"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "Ghazna is a great, populous city with many markets, and from it one enters the land of India. Al-Idrisi mentions it on the road to Bust. {cite:nuzhat-al-mushtaq-2002 p.460}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "place/ghazna",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-16"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "غزنی ایک عظیم اور آباد شہر ہے جس میں بہت سے بازار ہیں، اور یہاں سے ہندوستان میں داخل ہوا جاتا ہے۔ ادریسی اسے بست کی راہ پر ذکر کرتا ہے۔ {cite:nuzhat-al-mushtaq-2002 p.460}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "place/ghazna",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-19"
  }
 },
 "degree": 20,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-28",
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/al-biruni-muhammad-ibn-ahmad",
   "type": "death_place_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/britannica-al-biruni"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/suri-ibn-husayn-ghuri",
   "type": "death_place_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "event/alduz-takes-ghazna-603",
   "type": "site_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/kamil-ibn-al-athir"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "event/death-ghiyath-ghuri-599",
   "type": "site_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/kamil-ibn-al-athir"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "event/ghiyath-leaves-karramiyya-596",
   "type": "site_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/kamil-ibn-al-athir"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "event/ghiyath-mahmud-ghuri-killed-605",
   "type": "site_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/kamil-ibn-al-athir"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "event/khwarazm-ghazna-611",
   "type": "site_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/kamil-ibn-al-athir"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "event/mahmud-summons-al-biruni-to-ghazna",
   "type": "site_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/britannica-al-biruni"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "event/qanun-al-masudi-dedicated",
   "type": "site_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/britannica-al-biruni"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "event/tahqiq-ma-lil-hind-composed",
   "type": "site_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/britannica-al-biruni"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "person/al-biruni-muhammad-ibn-ahmad",
  "person/ghiyath-al-din-muhammad-ibn-sam",
  "event/mahmud-summons-al-biruni-to-ghazna",
  "event/qanun-al-masudi-dedicated",
  "event/tahqiq-ma-lil-hind-composed",
  "event/al-biruni-at-qabus-court-gurgan",
  "event/al-biruni-flees-to-bukhara",
  "group/karramiyya"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}