{
 "id": "place/kabul",
 "class": "place",
 "slug": "kabul",
 "label": {
  "ar": "كابل",
  "en": "Kabul"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "كابل مدينة عظيمة في ثغور الهند؛ حاصرها عبد الرحمن بن سمرة أشهراً بالمنجنيق حتى ثلمها فسقط فيل المشركين على بابها عاقره ابن خازم أو المهلب فدخلها المسلمون عنوة ثم نكث أهلها ففتحها وأخرج كابل شاه المسلمين منها فجاء رتبيل فغلب إلى بست وكان صلح عبيد الله بن أبي بكرة معه عن بلاده وبلاد كابل بألف ألف درهم.",
  "en": "Kabul, the great city of India's marches; besieged by Ibn Samura for months under mangonels till breached — the foe's hamstrung elephant blocking their gate, by Ibn Khazim's stroke or al-Muhallab's — entered by force, breached again and retaken; then the Kabul Shah expelled its Muslims and Rutbil overran to Bust, till Ubaydallah ibn Abi Bakra's million-dirham sulh covered Kabul's lands."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "place"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "persia-central-asia"
 ],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "data": {
  "kind": "city",
  "external_ids": {
   "wikidata": "Q5838"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/futuh-buldan-maarif-1407"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1
  },
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 High)",
   "extraction_flow": "Apple Vision OCR -> manual extraction"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "كابل مدينة عظيمة في ثغور الهند، بحسب البلاذري. حاصرها [[person/abd-al-rahman-ibn-samura|عبد الرحمن بن سمرة]] أشهراً بالمنجنيق حتى ثلمها، ثم دخلها المسلمون عنوة. نكث أهلها ففتحها المسلمون ثانية، ثم أخرج كابل شاه المسلمين منها، فجاء رتبيل وغلب إلى بست. وكان صلح عبيد الله بن أبي بكرة معه عن بلاده وبلاد كابل بألف ألف درهم. {cite:futuh-buldan-maarif-1407}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "place/kabul",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-16"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "Kabul is a great city on the frontiers of India, according to al-Baladhuri. [[person/abd-al-rahman-ibn-samura|Abd al-Rahman ibn Samura]] besieged it for months with catapults until he breached it, then the Muslims entered it by force. Its people broke their word, and the Muslims took it again. Then Kabul Shah drove the Muslims out of it, and Ratbil came and prevailed as far as Bust. The peace agreement of Ubayd Allah ibn Abi Bakra covered his land and the land of Kabul for a million dirhams. {cite:futuh-buldan-maarif-1407}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "place/kabul",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-16"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "کابل ہندوستان کی سرحدوں پر ایک عظیم شہر ہے، بلاذری کے مطابق۔ [[person/abd-al-rahman-ibn-samura|عبدالرحمن بن سمرہ]] نے اس کا کئی ماہ منجنیق سے محاصرہ کیا یہاں تک کہ اس کی دیوار توڑ دی، پھر مسلمان طاقت کے زور سے اس میں داخل ہوئے۔ اہلِ شہر نے عہد توڑا تو مسلمانوں نے اسے دوبارہ فتح کیا، پھر کابل شاہ نے مسلمانوں کو وہاں سے نکال دیا، اور رتبیل آیا اور بست تک غالب آیا۔ عبیداللہ بن ابی بکرہ کی صلح اس کے ساتھ اس کے اور کابل کے علاقوں کے بدلے دس لاکھ درہم پر تھی۔ {cite:futuh-buldan-maarif-1407}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "place/kabul",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-19"
  }
 },
 "degree": 70,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-19",
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/abdullah-abdullah",
   "type": "birthplace_of",
   "inverse": true,
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    "source/wikipedia-abdullah-abdullah-en",
    "source/wikipedia-abdullah-abdullah-ar",
    "source/wikidata-abdullah-abdullah"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abdullah-abdullah",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-abdullah-abdullah-en"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ahmad-shah-massoud",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-ahmad-shah-massoud-en",
    "source/wikipedia-ahmad-shah-massoud-ar"
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   "to": "person/ashraf-ghani",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-ashraf-ghani-en"
   ]
  },
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   "to": "person/burhanuddin-rabbani",
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   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-burhanuddin-rabbani-en",
    "source/wikipedia-burhanuddin-rabbani-ar"
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  {
   "to": "person/burhanuddin-rabbani",
   "type": "death_place_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-burhanuddin-rabbani-en",
    "source/wikipedia-burhanuddin-rabbani-ar"
   ]
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  {
   "to": "person/burhanuddin-rabbani",
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   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-burhanuddin-rabbani-en",
    "source/wikipedia-burhanuddin-rabbani-ar"
   ]
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   "to": "person/fawzia-koofi",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-fawzia-koofi-en"
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  {
   "to": "person/habiba-sarabi",
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   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
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   ]
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  {
   "to": "person/hafizullah-amin",
   "type": "death_place_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-hafizullah-amin-en",
    "source/wikidata-hafizullah-amin"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/hafizullah-amin",
   "type": "burial_place_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-hafizullah-amin-en"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/hamid-karzai",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-hamid-karzai-en",
    "source/wikipedia-hamid-karzai-ar",
    "source/wikipedia-hamid-karzai-ur"
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  },
  {
   "to": "person/mohammad-ayub-khan",
   "type": "birthplace_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-mohammad-ayub-khan-en",
    "source/wikipedia-mohammad-ayub-khan-ar"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/mohammad-yaqub-khan",
   "type": "burial_place_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
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  },
  {
   "to": "person/mohammed-daoud-khan",
   "type": "birthplace_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
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    "source/wikidata-mohammed-daoud-khan"
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  },
  {
   "to": "person/mohammed-daoud-khan",
   "type": "death_place_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-mohammed-daoud-khan-en",
    "source/wikidata-mohammed-daoud-khan"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/mohammed-daoud-khan",
   "type": "burial_place_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-mohammed-daoud-khan-en"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/nasrullah-khan",
   "type": "death_place_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-nasrullah-khan-en",
    "source/wikipedia-nasrullah-khan-ar",
    "source/wikipedia-nasrullah-khan-ur"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/nasrullah-khan",
   "type": "burial_place_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-nasrullah-khan-en"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/nur-muhammad-taraki",
   "type": "death_place_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-nur-muhammad-taraki-en",
    "source/wikidata-nur-muhammad-taraki"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/sayyid-mir-muhammad-alim-khan",
   "type": "death_place_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "Died at Kabul in exile, as the English, Russian, Uzbek, Arabic and Urdu articles attest.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-alim-khan-en",
    "source/wikipedia-alim-khan-uz"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/shah-shujah-durrani",
   "type": "death_place_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-shah-shujah-durrani-en",
    "source/wikipedia-shah-shujah-durrani-ar"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/sher-ali-khan",
   "type": "birthplace_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-sher-ali-khan-en"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/sima-samar",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-sima-samar-en"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/umra-khan-of-jandol",
   "type": "death_place_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-umra-khan-en",
    "source/wikidata-umra-khan"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ustad-ghulam-hossein",
   "type": "birthplace_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-ghulam-hossein-de"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ustad-ghulam-hossein",
   "type": "death_place_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-ghulam-hossein-de"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ustad-ghulam-hossein",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-ghulam-hossein-de"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/zahir-shah",
   "type": "birthplace_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-zahir-shah-en",
    "source/wikidata-zahir-shah"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/zahir-shah",
   "type": "death_place_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-zahir-shah-en",
    "source/wikidata-zahir-shah"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/zahir-shah",
   "type": "burial_place_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-zahir-shah-en",
    "source/wikipedia-zahir-shah-ur"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "event/kabul-islam-mamun",
   "type": "site_of",
   "inverse": true
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  {
   "to": "event/kabul-revolt-yazid-death",
   "type": "site_of",
   "inverse": true
  },
  {
   "to": "event/kabul-shah-submission",
   "type": "site_of",
   "inverse": true
  },
  {
   "to": "event/march-on-kabul",
   "type": "site_of",
   "inverse": true
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "person/sher-ali-khan",
  "person/habiba-sarabi",
  "person/mohammad-ayub-khan",
  "person/mohammad-yaqub-khan",
  "person/sima-samar",
  "person/abbas-ibn-al-husayn-al-hibati",
  "person/abd-al-rahman-ibn-samura",
  "person/abd-allah-al-mamun"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}