{
 "id": "place/kashgar",
 "class": "place",
 "slug": "kashgar",
 "label": {
  "ar": "كاشغر",
  "en": "Kashgar"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "مدينة في أقصى غرب الصين على طريق الحرير، صارت مركزًا إسلاميًّا بعد إسلام خانات القراخانيين في القرن العاشر الميلادي.",
  "en": "A city in far western China on the Silk Road; it became an Islamic centre after the conversion of the Qarakhanid khans in the tenth century CE."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "place"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "china-east-asia"
 ],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "coordinates": [
  39.4672,
  75.9868
 ],
 "data": {
  "kind": "city",
  "coordinates": [
   39.4672,
   75.9868
  ],
  "coordinate_precision": "site",
  "external_ids": {
   "geonames": "1280849"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/geonames-gazetteer"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1,
   "generated_by": "Claude Sonnet 5.5; coordinates from GeoNames; Arabic summary to be checked against reference works"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "كاشغر مدينة في أقصى غرب الصين على طريق الحرير. صارت مركزاً إسلامياً بعد إسلام خانات القراخانيين في القرن العاشر الميلادي. {cite:geonames-gazetteer}\n\nيحتاج إلى مصدر إضافي: الملخص بحاجة إلى مطابقة مع مراجع تاريخية."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "place/kashgar",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-16"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "Kashgar is a city at the far west of China on the Silk Road. It became an Islamic centre after the Qarakhanid khans embraced Islam in the tenth century CE. {cite:geonames-gazetteer}\n\nAn additional source is needed: this summary has to be matched against historical references."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "place/kashgar",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-16"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "کاشغر چین کے انتہائی مغرب میں شاہراہِ ریشم پر ایک شہر ہے۔ دسویں صدی عیسوی میں قراخانی خانوں کے اسلام لانے کے بعد یہ اسلامی مرکز بن گیا۔ {cite:geonames-gazetteer}\n\nمزید ماخذ درکار ہے: خلاصے کو تاریخی مراجع سے ملانے کی ضرورت ہے۔"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "place/kashgar",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-19"
  }
 },
 "degree": 10,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-12",
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/ma-fuxing",
   "type": "death_place_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-ma-fuxing-en",
    "source/wikipedia-ma-fuxing-zh"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/mahmut-muhiti",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "He was left in command in Kashgar's Old City in 1934 and then held the region's senior military posts — Kashgar military commander, then commander of the 6th Uyghur Division based there — from 1934 until his flight in 1937.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-mahmut-muhiti-en"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/sabit-damolla",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "The First East Turkestan Republic was proclaimed at Kashgar on 12 November 1933 with him as prime minister, and he governed from there until the republic's collapse in April 1934.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-sabit-damolla-en"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/shoqan-walikhanov",
   "type": "visited_by",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "His celebrated expedition of 1858–59: travelling in disguise with a merchant caravan that set out on 28 June 1858, he spent about six months in Kashgar recording its towns, markets, languages and customs before suspicion forced the caravan out in April 1859 (English article).",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-walikhanov-en"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/yakub-beg",
   "type": "home_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "He made Kashgar the seat of his Yettishar state from 1865, and ruled it until his death in 1877.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-yakub-beg-en"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "person/ma-shaowu",
  "person/ma-fuxing",
  "person/mahmut-muhiti",
  "person/sabit-damolla",
  "person/shoqan-walikhanov",
  "person/yakub-beg"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}