{
 "id": "screen/umar-al-mukhtar-1981",
 "class": "screen",
 "slug": "umar-al-mukhtar-1981",
 "label": {
  "en": "Lion of the Desert",
  "ar": "عمر المختار: أسد الصحراء"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "فيلم مصطفى العقاد بطولة أنتوني كوين عن المجاهد الليبي عمر المختار ومقاومته للاستعمار الإيطالي؛ مُنع في إيطاليا لعقود لأنه أظهر وحشية الحملة الفاشية.",
  "en": "Moustapha Akkad's film starring Anthony Quinn as the Libyan resistance leader Omar al-Mukhtar; banned in Italy for decades for its depiction of the fascist campaign."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [],
 "regions": [],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "colonial-wars-and-resistance"
 ],
 "data": {
  "format": "film",
  "relevance": "primary",
  "titles": [
   {
    "lang": "en",
    "value": "Lion of the Desert",
    "kind": "original"
   },
   {
    "lang": "ar",
    "value": "عمر المختار",
    "kind": "dubbed"
   },
   {
    "lang": "ar",
    "value": "أسد الصحراء",
    "kind": "alternate"
   }
  ],
  "released": {
   "edtf": "1981",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "year"
  },
  "countries": [
   "us",
   "ly"
  ],
  "languages": {
   "original": [
    "en"
   ],
   "dubbed": [
    "ar"
   ]
  },
  "runtime_min": 173,
  "depiction": {
   "prophet": "not-applicable",
   "companions": "not-applicable",
   "imams": "not-applicable"
  },
  "approach": "historical-drama",
  "reception": [
   {
    "kind": "ban",
    "where": [
     "it"
    ],
    "status": "historical",
    "note": "Banned in Italy from release; the ban was effectively lifted for a 2009 television broadcast.",
    "sources": []
   }
  ],
  "external_ids": {
   "wikidata": "Q471362",
   "imdb": "tt0081059"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/wikidata",
   "source/imdb"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 High), screen-index lane; existence, year and identifiers verified against Wikidata and IMDb, 2026-10-16"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "«عمر المختار: أسد الصحراء» فيلم درامي تاريخي صدر سنة 1981 من إنتاج الولايات المتحدة وليبيا، من إخراج [[person/moustapha-akkad|مصطفى العقاد]]. ومن أبرز ممثليه [[person/anthony-quinn|أنتوني كوين]]، و[[person/oliver-reed|أوليفر ريد]]، و[[person/rod-steiger|رود ستايغر]]، و[[person/raf-vallone|راف فالون]]، و[[person/irene-papas|إيرين باباس]]. فيلم مصطفى العقاد بطولة أنتوني كوين عن المجاهد الليبي عمر المختار ومقاومته للاستعمار الإيطالي؛ مُنع في إيطاليا لعقود لأنه أظهر وحشية الحملة الفاشية. {cite:wikidata} {cite:imdb}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "السياق والاستقبال",
     "markdown": "يتناول العمل [[person/umar-al-mukhtar|عمر المختار]]، و[[place/libya|ليبيا]]، و[[period/colonial-era|العصر الاستعماري]]. مُنع عرضه في إيطاليا. {cite:wikidata}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "screen/umar-al-mukhtar-1981",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-16"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "\"Lion of the Desert\" is a historical drama film released in 1981, produced in the United States and Libya, directed by [[person/moustapha-akkad|Moustapha Akkad]]. Its leading performers include [[person/anthony-quinn|Anthony Quinn]], [[person/oliver-reed|Oliver Reed]], [[person/rod-steiger|Rod Steiger]], [[person/raf-vallone|Raf Vallone]] and [[person/irene-papas|Irene Papas]]. Moustapha Akkad's film starring Anthony Quinn about the Libyan fighter Omar al-Mukhtar and his resistance to Italian colonialism; it was banned in Italy for decades because it showed the brutality of the fascist campaign. {cite:wikidata} {cite:imdb}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Context and reception",
     "markdown": "This work deals with [[person/umar-al-mukhtar|Omar al-Mukhtar]], [[place/libya|Libya]], and [[period/colonial-era|the colonial era]]. It was banned in Italy. {cite:wikidata}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "screen/umar-al-mukhtar-1981",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-17"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "خلاصہ",
     "markdown": "«عمر المختار: صحرا کا شیر» ایک تاریخی ڈرامائی فلم ہے جو 1981ء میں امریکہ اور لیبیا کی پروڈکشن میں بنی، جسے [[person/moustapha-akkad|مصطفیٰ العقاد]] نے ڈائریکٹ کیا۔ اس کے نمایاں اداکاروں میں [[person/anthony-quinn|انتھونی کوئن]]، [[person/oliver-reed|اولیور ریڈ]]، [[person/rod-steiger|راڈ اسٹائیگر]]، [[person/raf-vallone|راف والون]] اور [[person/irene-papas|آئرین پاپاس]] شامل ہیں۔ مصطفیٰ العقاد کی فلم جس میں انتھونی کوئن نے لیبیا کے مجاہد عمر المختار کا کردار ادا کیا ہے، جو اطالوی استعمار کے خلاف ان کی مزاحمت پر ہے؛ اطالوی مہم کی وحشت دکھانے کی وجہ سے اٹلی میں کئی دہائیوں تک اس پر پابندی رہی۔ {cite:wikidata} {cite:imdb}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "سیاق اور استقبال",
     "markdown": "یہ کام [[person/umar-al-mukhtar|عمر المختار]]، [[place/libya|لیبیا]] اور [[period/colonial-era|نوآبادیاتی دور]] کو پیش کرتا ہے۔ اس کی نمائش اٹلی میں روک دی گئی۔ {cite:wikidata}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "screen/umar-al-mukhtar-1981",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-17"
  }
 },
 "degree": 26,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-16",
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/umar-al-mukhtar",
   "type": "about",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "place/libya",
   "type": "set_in",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "period/colonial-era",
   "type": "set_in",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "person/anthony-quinn",
   "type": "features",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "person/oliver-reed",
   "type": "features",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "person/rod-steiger",
   "type": "features",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "person/raf-vallone",
   "type": "features",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "person/irene-papas",
   "type": "features",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "person/john-gielgud",
   "type": "features",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "person/gastone-moschin",
   "type": "features",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "person/stefano-patrizi",
   "type": "features",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "person/moustapha-akkad",
   "type": "directed_by",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "person/h-a-l-craig",
   "type": "written_by",
   "inverse": false
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "screen/maarakah-al-jazair-1966",
  "screen/payitaht-abdulhamid-2017",
  "period/colonial-era",
  "concept/al-muqawama-wal-irhab",
  "person/abd-al-qadir-al-jazairi",
  "screen/al-qasitir-2014",
  "screen/ayyam-al-majd-2006",
  "screen/ceddo-1977"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}