{
 "id": "source/tribal-analysis-center-mad-mullahs",
 "class": "source",
 "slug": "tribal-analysis-center-mad-mullahs",
 "label": {
  "en": "Tribal Analysis Center, Mad Mullahs, Opportunists and Family Connections"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "تقرير مركز تحليل القبائل (ويلمسبرغ، فرجينيا) عن الشخصيات الدينية على الحدود الأفغانية الباكستانية، مستندا خصوصا إلى كتاب سناء هارون «حدود الإيمان». يذكر أن ملا هده (نجم الدين آخوندزاده) تلقّى من آخوند سوات إذنا بتعليم الطرق الصوفية الأربع الكبرى من مقره في هده، وأن تلميذه حاجي تورنغزي ورث هذا المزج الطرقي.",
  "en": "A Tribal Analysis Center (Williamsburg, Virginia) report on religious figures of the Afghan–Pakistan frontier, drawing in particular on Sana Haroon's Frontier of Faith. It states that the Hadda Mullah, Najmuddin Akhundzada, received permission from the Akhund of Swat to teach all four prominent Sufi schools from his seat at Hadda — an attestation of a personal teaching authorisation (ijaza) in the Sufi orders, independent of Edwards' account of his discipleship."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [],
 "regions": [],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "data": {
  "kind": "secondary",
  "type": "web",
  "title": "Mad Mullahs, Opportunists and Family Connections",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Tribal Analysis Center",
    "given": ""
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2026,
     10,
     27
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Tribal Analysis Center, consulted 27 October 2026",
  "URL": "https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/43359563/mad-mullahs-opportunists-and-family-connections-/17",
  "language": "en",
  "reliability_note": "Read on 27 October 2026 in the report's online viewer; the report carries no visible publication date, so it is cited by consultation date. The passage used rests on Haroon's academic study of the frontier; it is used only for the single fact of Najmuddin's teaching authorisation, where it corroborates Edwards' independently gathered account of his discipleship.",
  "open_access": true,
  "status": {
   "review": "published",
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {},
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-27",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}