{
 "id": "source/wikipedia-ma-hualong-en",
 "class": "source",
 "slug": "wikipedia-ma-hualong-en",
 "label": {
  "en": "Ma Hualong — English Wikipedia"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "مقالة ويكيبيديا الإنجليزية عن ما هوالونغ؛ تُستخدم لوقائع الكيان فقط. تجعله خامس شيوخ الطريقة الجهرية النقشبندية في شمال غرب الصين، خلفًا لوالده وأستاذه ما ييده نحو سنة 1849، وقائدًا رئيسًا في ثورة المسلمين ضد أسرة تشينغ حتى استسلامه وإعدامه في جينجيبو في 2 آذار 1871؛ ويعطي صندوق معلوماتها مولده نحو سنة 1810 في لينغتشو، وانتماءه إجمالًا إلى الإسلام، ومذهبه السني الحنفي الماتريدي وطريقته الجهرية.",
  "en": "English Wikipedia article on Ma Hualong; used for entity facts only. It makes him the fifth shaykh of the Jahriyya, a Naqshbandi Sufi menhuan in northwest China, succeeding his father and teacher Ma Yide about 1849, and a main leader of the Muslim rebellion against the Qing until his surrender and execution at Jinjipu on 2 March 1871; its infobox gives his birth about 1810 at Lingzhou, his religion as Islam, his denomination as Sunni, his jurisprudence as Hanafi, his creed as Maturidi and his order as the Jahriyya."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [],
 "regions": [],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "data": {
  "kind": "reference_data",
  "type": "web",
  "title": "Ma Hualong",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Wikipedia contributors",
    "given": ""
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2026,
     10,
     14
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Wikipedia (English), revision 1380145966 of 14 October 2026",
  "URL": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma_Hualong",
  "language": "en",
  "reliability_note": "Pointer for entity facts only (Wikipedia rule, AGENTS.md): a fact is used only where the article cites a source for it. Read in full on 27 October 2026, fetched through the MediaWiki API by its recorded revision id with the returned id asserted equal. The text rests chiefly on Michael Dillon, China's Muslim Hui Community (1999), pp. 124–126 and 66–68, and Jonathan N. Lipman, Familiar Strangers (1998); the birth (c. 1810, at Lingzhou) and the infobox's Sunni, Hanafi and Maturidi values rest on Wlodzimierz Cieciura's Encyclopaedia of Islam Three entry 'Ma Hualong' (2020), cited for those fields — one source family for the infobox values. The text states that he became leader of the Jahriyya about 1849 succeeding Ma Yide, his father and teacher, and calls his occupation Sufi shaykh. Its categories file him under the Naqshbandi order and Chinese Sufis; categories are filings, not attestation.",
  "open_access": true,
  "status": {
   "review": "published",
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {},
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-27",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}